地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 1364-1369.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.011.1364

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半湿润地区农田土壤粉尘释放的风洞模拟研究

王仁德1,2,3(), 邹学勇2,3, 赵婧妍2,3   

  1. 1.河北省科学院地理科学研究所, 河北 石家庄 050011
    2. 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
    3.北京师范大学中国沙漠研究中心, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2011-12-22 修回日期:2012-02-10 出版日期:2012-11-20 发布日期:2012-11-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：王仁德（1980-）,男,河北黄骅人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事土壤风蚀与风沙灾害防治方面的研究。Email: wangrende10@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目（41101251）、国家自然科学基金面上项目（40971011）、河北省科学院博士基金项目（2012045337-1）资助

Farmland Soil Dust Emission in Semi-humid Areas by Wind-tunnel Simulation

Ren-de WANG1,2,3(), Xue-yong ZOU2,3, Jing-yan ZHAO2,3   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographical Sciences , Hebei Science College; Shijiazhaung, Hebei 050011, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    3. China Center of Desert Research at Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2011-12-22 Revised:2012-02-10 Online:2012-11-20 Published:2012-11-20

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摘要：

采用风洞模拟手段对地处半湿润区的北京市农田土壤风蚀中的粉尘释放规律进行研究。结果表明,研究区农田粉尘释放强度随风速增大呈指数规律增大,粉尘在风蚀物的含量随风速增大呈指数规律降低。近地表粉尘质量流量随高度增加呈幂函数规律降低,在风蚀物中的含量随高度增加呈线性增大。粉尘粒径随风速增大而变粗,之后达到稳定状态。近地表粉尘粒度组成沿垂直方向的变化可以划分为两段,0~20 cm高度层的双峰态分布和20~60 cm高度层的三峰态分布。随着高度增加,释尘粒度组成变细。

关键词: 土壤风蚀, 农田粉尘释放, 风洞模拟, 半湿润区

Abstract:

Farmland dust emission law in Beijing area that locates in sub-humid areas is studied in the paper by means of wind-tunnel simulation on the basis of field survey, observation and samples collection. The results show that the intensity of farmland dust emission increases exponentially with wind speed increasing, the dust proportion in wind-erosion particles decreases exponentially with wind speed increasing. Near-surface dust mass flow follows the power function decreasing rule with height increasing. Its proportion in erosion particles increases linearly with height increasing. It has a similar trend of dusts mass flow and its proportion in wind-erosion particles in all layers. So there is a well regularity of dusts movement in near-surface that the dusts mass flow increases exponentially with wind speed increasing and decreases with height increasing, and its proportion in wind-erosion particles decreases exponentially with wind speed increasing and increases linearly with height increasing. The dusts coarsen with wind speed increasing and then reach a steady state. The dust particles become thinner with height increasing. The average particle size decreases linearly with height increasing, which is faster in low wind speed and becomes slower with wind increasing. The change of dust particles composition along the vertical direction in near-surface can be divided into two sections: it presents the bimodal distribution in 0-20cm height layer, and presents the trimodal distribution in 20-60cm height layer.

Key words: soil wind erosion, farmland dust emission, wind tunnel simulation, semi-humid areas

中图分类号: 

  • S157.1