地理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 1538-1544.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.012.1538

• • 上一篇    

天津市设计暴雨的空间分布特征

李明财(), 任雨, 熊明明, 杨艳娟   

  1. 天津市气候中心,天津 300074
  • 收稿日期:2011-11-25 修回日期:2012-04-09 出版日期:2012-12-20 发布日期:2012-12-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:李明财(1976-),男,吉林抚松人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事气候变化及应用气象研究。E-mail:li_mingcai@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    华北区域气候变化评估报告编制项目(CCSF2010-1)、中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF2011-5)和天津市气象局局级项目(201107)资助

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Design Rainstorm in Tianjin

Ming-cai LI(), Yu REN, Ming-ming XIONG, Yan-juan YANG   

  1. Tianjin Climate Center, Tianjin 300074, China
  • Received:2011-11-25 Revised:2012-04-09 Online:2012-12-20 Published:2012-12-20

摘要:

设计暴雨是区域防洪排涝和城市市政排水的重要基础,是关系到区域安全和城市运行的重要问题。利用天津站和塘沽站完整的分钟降雨量资料以及环城四区和滨海新区其它台站的降雨年最大值资料,推求了各台站的暴雨强度公式,分析了天津市城市化对设计暴雨强度的影响,以及中心城区与滨海新区的空间差异。结果表明:城市化对设计雨量有明显的影响,城区重现期1 a的暴雨强度有降低的趋势,而重现期3 a以上的暴雨强度有所增强,而且城市化效应在不同环城区域存在明显的一致性,环城四区排水设计在重现期1 a及以下时对城市化影响应有所考虑,而3 a以上重现期设计雨量采用中心城区暴雨公式是安全的;滨海新区3个区域各历时不同重现期下的暴雨强度均高于中心城区,尤其是塘沽远远高于中心城区,滨海区域采用全市统一的暴雨公式进行排水系统设计是不安全的,宜采用滨海新区各区县当地的暴雨强度公式。

关键词: 空间分布, 城市化, 暴雨强度公式, 设计雨量, 排水设计

Abstract:

Rainstorm, which is of great importance for regional flood control and city municipal drainage, is closely related to the regional security and urban running. In this paper, the rainstorm intensity formulas for every station were deduced using complete rainfall-in-minute data of Tianjin and Tanggu stations and annual maximum rainfall data for other stations. According to the difference in design rainfall volume between the urban area and four districts around urban area, the effect of urbanization on design rainstorm intensity was determined. In addition, the spatial difference of design rainfall between the urban area and Tianjin Binhai New Area was analyzed. The results showed that urbanization effect had apparent influence on design rainfall volume, showing decrease trend in rainstorm intensity of 1 year recurrence period, whereas increasing rainstorm intensity with the recurrence period of 3-10 years. Importantly, the urbanization effect showed a clear consistency in different districts around urban area. This suggests, with the recurrence period of shorter than 1 year, urbanization should be considered in the drainage system design of suburbs. By contrast, it is safe to use the rainstorm intensity formula of the urban area under recurrence period of longer than 3 years. Rainstorm intensity was very higher in three districts, especially Tanggu in Binhai New Area compared with the urban area. This indicates that rainstorm intensity formula for the urban area is unsafe in the design of drainage systems of the Binhai New Area. The local rainstorm intensity formula should be deduced to satisfy the design of drainage systems in the Binhai New Area.

Key words: spatial distribution, urbanization, rainstorm intensity formula, design rainfall, urban drainage design

中图分类号: 

  • P963