基于农业区位论的北京市土壤-小麦系统中重金属Pb积累特征及其健康风险

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.09.1142

地理科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1142-1147.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.09.1142

基于农业区位论的北京市土壤-小麦系统中重金属Pb积累特征及其健康风险

陈志凡¹(), 赵烨², 谷蕾¹, 呼红霞², 田青³

1. 河南大学资源与环境研究所环境与规划学院, 河南开封 475004
2. 北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京100875
3. 中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与安全医学所, 北京 100088

收稿日期:2011-11-23 修回日期:2012-01-13 出版日期:2012-09-20 发布日期:2012-09-20
作者简介:
作者简介：陈志凡（1979- ）,女,河南沁阳人,副教授,博士,主要从事土壤污染诊断与修复研究。E-mail：pingfan0604@yahoo.cn
基金资助:
国土资源部公益性科研项目（201011006-1）、国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2007CB407302）资助

Pb Accumulation and Its Health Risk in Soil-wheat System of Beijing City Based on Agricultural Location Theory

Zhi-fan CHEN¹(), Ye ZHAO², Lei GU¹, Hong-xia HU², Qing TIAN³

1.Institute of Natural Resources and Environment, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3.National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Protection, Beijing 100088, China

Received:2011-11-23 Revised:2012-01-13 Online:2012-09-20 Published:2012-09-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于农业区位论,采集23组土壤-小麦匹配样品,探究北京市不同圈层土壤-小麦系统中Pb的全量、形态与生物有效性。结果表明：① 频繁的交通活动与工业释放致使城区土壤呈现出Pb污染,而长期污水灌溉等农业活动导致了近郊平原局部土壤Pb污染。② 土壤中Pb主要以残余态与有机结合态形式存在,其次是铁锰氧化态,而碳酸盐结合态与离子交换态非常少。Pb的活性从中心城区到近郊平原、远郊平原逐渐下降。③ 小麦植株中Pb含量与土壤中铁锰氧化态Pb含量呈正相关;④ 麦粒中Pb的富集系数仅约为0.004 4,但仍发现城区与近郊麦粒中部分Pb含量超标。

关键词: 土壤-小麦系统, Pb, 生物有效性, 健康风险, 空间差异性

Abstract:

Based on Agricultural Location Theory, 23 groups of suited soil-wheat samples from were collected in different circles of Beijing City (central city, suburban plain and exurban plain), and the accumulation, chemical forms and bioavailability of Pb in soil-wheat system were analyzed under different human activity intensities. The results showed that：① Urban soil exhibited Pb contamination with its average concentration (35.59 mg/kg) above the limit, probably due to the emission of traffic activities and industrial processes. In addition, long-term sewage irrigation and other agricultural activities led to local Pb contamination in the suburban agricultural soil.② Pb was predominantly associated with residual and organic fractions, followed by Fe/Mn oxide, and very small proportion of carbonate and exchangeable fractions. Furthermore, compared with the suburban agricultural soils, Pb in the urban agricultural soil showed higher mobility, whereas, the exurban agricultural soil presented the lowest mobility. ③ Pb contents in different parts of wheat plants were largely dependent on the Fe/Mn oxide fractions in the studied soil. ④ The average bioconcentration factor (the ratio of metal concentration in plant tissues and metal concentration in their rooted soil) of Pb in wheat seeds was 0.0044, only contained 3.42% of Pb in roots. However, part Pb concentrations in wheat seeds in the urban and suburban agricultural soil were above standard limit, which might bring potential risk to human health in the urban and suburban sites.

Key words: soil-wheat system, Pb, bioavailability, health risk, spatial variation

中图分类号:

X825

陈志凡, 赵烨, 谷蕾, 呼红霞, 田青. 基于农业区位论的北京市土壤-小麦系统中重金属Pb积累特征及其健康风险[J]. 地理科学, 2012, 32(9): 1142-1147.

Zhi-fan CHEN, Ye ZHAO, Lei GU, Hong-xia HU, Qing TIAN. Pb Accumulation and Its Health Risk in Soil-wheat System of Beijing City Based on Agricultural Location Theory[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012, 32(9): 1142-1147.

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不同采样位置及对应采样点		CaCO₃(%)		TOC(g/kg)		TN(%)		TP(g/kg)
不同采样位置及对应采样点		平均值±标准差	范围值	平均值±标准差	范围值	平均值±标准差	范围值	平均值±标准差	范围值
中心城区	Su	4.48±0.16	4.30~4.60	12.33±0.81	11.49~13.11	0.123±0.006	0.115~0.128	1.46±0.04	1.42~1.49
近郊平原	Ss1	0.92±0.47	0.50~1.90					1.07±0.04	1.04~1.11
	Ss2	1.02±0.05	1.00~1.10					0.85±0.07	0.78~0.92
	Ss3	1.84±0.09	1.70~1.90					1.01±0.08	0.95~1.10
	Ss4	5.22±0.75	3.40~6.05	7.47±0.84	6.32~8.44	0.131±0.186	0.103~0.150	1.02±0.16	0.80~1.36
	Ss5	5.27±0.58	3.50~5.85					0.89±0.01	0.87~0.90
远郊平原	Se	4.58±0.47	4.30~5.70					0.78±0.04	0.74~0.82

基于农业区位论的北京市土壤-小麦系统中重金属Pb积累特征及其健康风险

Pb Accumulation and Its Health Risk in Soil-wheat System of Beijing City Based on Agricultural Location Theory

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