地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 45-51.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.01.45

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陇中黄土丘陵区乡村聚落空间分布特征及其基本类型分析——以甘肃省秦安县为例

郭晓东1(), 马利邦2, 张启媛1   

  1. 1.兰州大学管理学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-06 修回日期:2012-07-19 出版日期:2013-01-20 发布日期:2013-01-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：郭晓东（1971-）,男,甘肃通渭人,副教授,博士后,主要从事经济地理、区域发展等领域的研究。E-mail: gxd@lzu.edu.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目 (40971106)资助

The Spatial Distribution Characteristics and the Basic Types of Rural Settlement in Loess Hilly Area: Taking Qin'an County of Gansu Province as a Case

Xiao-dong GUO1(), Li-bang MA2, Qi-yuan ZHANG1   

  1. 1.School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
    2. School of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
  • Received:2012-02-06 Revised:2012-07-19 Online:2013-01-20 Published:2013-01-20

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摘要：

以甘肃省秦安县为例,基于GIS与统计分析方法,分析了县域乡村聚落空间分布的基本特征与乡村聚落的基本类型。研究结果表明：① 秦安县乡村聚落密度较高且聚落空间分布极为分散;② 乡村聚落的空间分布与海拔、坡度、河流等自然地理条件密切相关,聚落斑块随高程和坡度变化呈明显的正态分布,空间分布差异显著;③ 秦安县复杂多样的乡村聚落类型,与聚落的空间分布特征密切相关且存在明显的对应关系,大中型、集聚型、商品经济型和半商品经济型乡村聚落主要分布在河谷川道地区,而小型、分散型、传统农业型和劳务输出型乡村聚落主要分布在黄土丘陵山区。

关键词: 黄土丘陵区, 乡村聚落, 空间分布, 聚落类型, 秦安县

Abstract:

The rural population distribution depends on the rural settlement that is an important site for the working and living of rural people. It has very important significance to analyze on the spatial distribution characteristics and the law of spatial evolution of the rural settlement for optimizing the rural settlement spatial layout and promoting the construction of a new socialist countryside and the integration of urban and rural development. Taking Qin'an County of Gansu Province as a case, this article analyses the essential characteristic of spatial distribution of rural settlement based on GIS and statistical analysis technique. The results of the research show that: 1) the inside rural settlement of Qin'an County is dense and its spatial distribution is extremely scattered, which is formed after a long spatial diffusion process of the original settlement. With the increasing growth of population, the limited arable land fail to gradually meet the need for the life of settlement population in its effective farming radius, so people have been forced to spread gradually to possible living space; 2) the spatial distribution of rural settlement is closely related to its altitude, slopes, rivers and other natural geographical conditions, and the settlement patches present the normal distribution obviously along with the variations of elevation and slope, and the differences between the space distributions are significant; and 3) the complicated rural settlement types of Qin’an County are not only closely related and correspondence obviously to the spatial distribution characteristics. The rural settlements that large and medium-sized, agglomeration-typed, commodity economy and half-commodity economy are mainly distributed in the valley and flat areas, and while the small, diffuse, traditional agriculture and services output type are mainly distributed in loess hilly areas.

Key words: loess hilly area, rural settlement, spatial distribution, type of rural settlement, Qin'an County

中图分类号: 

  • K901.8