生态地理分区框架下的大兴安岭植被动态研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.02.181

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于GIMMS NDVI数据、GIS技术,综合运用趋势线分析、统计分析和空间自相关分析方法,对1982~2006年大兴安岭整体及各生态地理区域植被特征进行检测分析。结果表明：从整体来看,大兴安岭植被NDVI增加趋势明显,NDVI呈现上升趋势的区域约占研究区总面积的80%;NDVI对气象因子变化敏感,尤其是对气温的敏感程度高于降水;并且在全局范围内呈现正的自相关,不同生态地理区内的全局自相关系数自北向南逐渐升高。各生态地理区NDVI变化趋势差异明显,植被退化的区域集中在大兴安岭北段和中段,在局部自相关分析中NDVI仍然呈现高-高聚集趋势;北段西侧天然植被破坏严重,低—低聚集的区域在逐渐扩大;南段草原区NDVI上升趋势显著,与气象因子的相关程度与其他三个生态地理区相比较低。

关键词: 大兴安岭, NDVI, 生态地理区

Abstract:

In recent years, ecological deterioration trend of the mountain regions caused by global climate change and unreasonable resource development increased gradually. In this article, the spatial distribution and dynamic change of vegetation cover in the Greater Khingan Mountains are analyzed based on 8-km resolution GIMMS NDVI data from 1982 to 2006. Combining the meteorological data, the relationship between NDVI and climatic factors of vegetation variation response to climate change was discussed. The average NDVI values of the north and center were higher (0.65 and 0.63) than those of the northwest and south (0.57 and 0.51). The results showed that the NDVI values in Greater Khingan Mountains was increased more than decreasing in 1982-2006. The NDVI increased and decreased area covered about 80% and 20% of the whole study area respectively. Spatial changing trend of NDVI had great difference and most parts in different eco-geographical indistinct change. The decreased area was distributed in north, and center of the mountains. The region with marked increasing trend was mainly distributed on the south of the Greater Khingan Mountains. There was significant positive correlation between NDVI and climatic factors (temperature and precipitation), and NDVI had a stronger correlation with temperature than that with precipitation for the four eco-geographical region. By other factors, the weakest correlation was shown in the steppes vegetation cover region. The NDVI in Greater Khingan Mountains showed positive spatial autocorrelation in the whole region and similar NDVI were apt to aggregate together. A downward trend is detected in the high-high autocorrelation type, which tends to spread toward the lower reach of the north and center. The opposite result is obtained for the low-low autocorrelation type in the northwest.

Key words: Greater Khingan Mountains, NDVI, eco-geographical region

中图分类号:

Q948

郭笑怡, 张洪岩. 生态地理分区框架下的大兴安岭植被动态研究[J]. 地理科学, 2013, 33(2): 181-188.

Xiao-yi GUO, Hong-yan ZHANG. The Vegetation Dynamic Research Under of Eco-geographical Region Framework on Greater Khingan Mountains[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2013, 33(2): 181-188.

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	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ
温度状况	寒温带	中温带	中温带	中温带
干湿状况	湿润	半湿润	半湿润	半干旱
主要植被类型	针叶林	森林草原	草原森林	草原

	Ⅰ（%）	Ⅱ（%）	Ⅲ（%）	Ⅳ（%）
≤-0.002	0	0.32	0.17	0.08
-0.002~-0.001	2.45	1.13	3.36	1.86
-0.001~0	24.34	14.01	18.04	12.25
0~0.001	53.59	35.59	42.11	30.89
0.001~0.002	18.33	35.10	32.13	37.28
0.002~0.003	1.28	12.72	4.03	15.98
0.003≤	0	1.13	0.17	1.66

生态地理区	台站名称	相关系数		偏相关系数
生态地理区	台站名称	气温	降水	气温	降水
Ⅰ	漠河	0.877	0.522	0.828	-0.094
	新林	0.895	0.610	0.827	0.021
	图里河	0.884	0.632	0.798	0.013
Ⅱ	额尔古纳右旗	0.901	0.552	0.862	-0.211
Ⅱ	阿尔山	0.874	0.611	0.790	-0.014
Ⅲ	大兴安岭	0.881	0.621	0.798	-0.031
	小二沟	0.822	0.542	0.738	-0.087
	博克图	0.894	0.599	0.829	-0.049
	索伦	0.841	0.537	0.768	-0.005
Ⅳ	巴林左旗	0.573	0.362	0.477	0.015
	林西	0.656	0.458	0.540	0.131
	赤峰	0.457	0.281	0.377	0.032
	丰宁	0.633	0.468	0.499	0.145
	围场	0.663	0.501	0.531	0.198