关键词: 黄河, 径流量, 气候变化

Abstract:

Climate change and regional development under the background of water resource decreased over the Huanghe River basin, which is under the monsoon climate control. The runoffs during flood season in the Huanghe River are about 60%-70%. Based on the water level records and Yu-Fen-Cun records in Qing dynasty documents and modern hydrological records, we reconstructed the annual flood-season runoff of middle reaches of the Huanghe River (Sanmenxia station) and the upper reaches (Tangnaihai) is based on the tree-ring width. The average of runoff is 19.94×10⁹ m³ (Tangnaihai) and 50.78×10⁹ m³(Sanmenxia). In this article, the extreme flood/dry years are reconstructed based on a new method. Based on the two runoff series, the synchronization of the Huanghe River and the Yongding River is stagabl, and during 1840-1860s, 1890-1910s, the synchronization disappear, the inverse correlation is very obvious. The wavelet shows that there is 4a-6a cycle in both of the 2 stationgs, In MWP, the trend of the Huanghe River inverse correlationship is more obvious. Rain-fed agriculture is the most important economy part of China during the past thousands of years, while rainy summer and autumn leads to rivers flood, so in history Chinese government must predominate the flood to avoid the agricultural loss. Wavelet shows that there is a 50 year cycle in the runoff series. The results show that: the runoff in the middle reaches of the Huanghe River has interannual and interdecadal oscillations like 6-8 years, quasi-22 years and 50 years. The determination of the quasi-22 years is linked to the changing of Wolf Sunspot Numbers. The solar activity is significant during the 1830s. ENSO event is negative with the changing of natural runoff at the inter-annual scale. There is a low-flow period in the last 4 eras of LIA, and it has been the longest low-flow period since 1766. The summer is the key reason for the changing of flood season beginning time for the unstable rainband moving from the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River to the middle reaches of the Huanghe River.

Key words: the Huanghe River, runoff, climate change