关键词: 人均粮食, 空间格局, 驱动力, 南水北调

Abstract:

Food supply is a key problem in ecologically sensitive region .It determines the healthy development of ecologically sensitive region.The regional difference of per capita grain possession is very important for regional food security in the situation of limited arable land and rapid urbanization, especially in ecologically sensitive region。The county administrative is the basic unit of food production and consumption. Mechanism of per capita grain change is vital to the development of the ecological fragile areas. Taking 37 counties as sampling units in 2000-2011 in water source area of for the middle route of South-to-north Water Transfer Project, using the methods of ESDA and geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, the article presents spatial heterogeneity of per capita grain possession and driving factors according to difference in natural conditions and economic development types. The results showed that per capita grain possession shows a strong trend of spatial natural correlation. The similar areas cluster in space. As gross output of grain increases, per capita grain possession has limited room for growth. The county-level of internal per capita grain possession spatial disparities have been gradually narrowed. LISA cluster map demonstrated that counties with higher per capita grain possession gathered in Hanjiang Valley and intermountain Daba Mountains Basin, while counties with lower per capita grain possession gathered in the area of Funiu Mountain. The driving factors of different regions show localization characteristic of no-stationary intercourse. The effect of change of per unit area production to variation of per capita grain possession is the largest. The secondary factor is changes of cultivated land contributing to variation of per capita grain possession. These coefficient estimations are all positive. Factors of influence have obviously transitional characters from subtropical to warm temperate and plain area to mountain area. The coefficients estimation of change of per-capita GDP and weights changing of the second industry are negative. Influences of change of per unit area production, change of cultivated land and change of urbanization are declined from Ankang Basin to east and west sides. Effects of change of the second industry, population increasing and per-capita GDP have longitude zonal pattern. The influences are latitude zonal pattern of per unit area production, the proportion of secondary industry and per-capita GDP. According to present situation of per capita grain possession and effect mechanism of driving factors, effective measures should be adopted to ensure grain security and accelerate ecological construction in water source area for the middle route of South-to-north Water Transfer Project. Natural ecological environment is complex in ecologically sensitive region. When our decision-making, we must fully consider the characteristics of small-scale geographical unit in order to ensure the fragile ecological environment sustainable development.

Key words: per capita grain possession, spatial pattern, driving forces, Project of South-to-North Water Transfer, change of per-capita GDP