地理科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 205-210.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2014.02.205

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1942年中国北方八省市大旱的成因

董安祥(), 李耀辉, 张宇   

  1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-02 修回日期:2013-05-18 出版日期:2014-02-10 发布日期:2014-02-10
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:董安祥(1944-),男,江苏南京市人,研究员,主要从事气候变化研究。E-mail:dax-2364@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金 (41175081)、“多时间尺度干旱监测与预警、评估技术研究(GYHE201006023)”和干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM200804)资助

Reasons of Serious Drought in Eight Cities or Provinces of Northern China in 1942

An-xiang DONG(), Yao-hui LI, Yu ZHANG   

  1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province and China Meteorological Administration,Lanzhou Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou,Gansu 730020, China
  • Received:2013-01-02 Revised:2013-05-18 Online:2014-02-10 Published:2014-02-10

摘要:

分析了1942年中国北方八省市大旱的的旱情及其成因。结果表明:在1942年中国北方出现一次以河南为中心的极端干旱事件,以夏季和冬季最严重,它发生在年代际相对温暖背景下。太平洋海温的年代际暖位相是1942年大旱重要的海洋背景。1940~1942年南方涛动指数为负位相是1942年大旱重要的热带环流年际变化的背景。强度为1级的厄尔尼诺事件,东亚夏季风偏弱和登陆台风偏少可能是1942年北方大旱的重要原因。由于河南省是气候变化的敏感区和生态环境脆弱区,前期旱涝灾害频发,加上当年多灾并发,致使1942年河南省的旱灾最为严重。

关键词: 1942年, 中国北方八省市, 大旱, 成因

Abstract:

Reasons of serious drought in eight cities and provinces of Northern China in 1942 were analyzed. Results indicated that there is an extreme arid event occurred in 1942 and centering on Henan Province, which occurred under a relatively warm background. The arid event was the most serious during the summer and winter. The warm sea temperature of Pacific Ocean during 1942 was the most important sea background of this extreme arid event was, while the negative phase of South Oscillation during 1940-1942 was the most outstanding circulation environment of this extreme arid event. In addition, the El Nino event with the intensity of 1 level, the weaker East Asian summer monsoon, and the less landing typhoon than the other years possibly could be the main reasons inducing to this extreme arid event in 1942 over the north China. Because Henan Province is the climatic change sensitive area and the ecological environment frail area, the earlier period dry waterlogging disaster frequency sends, in addition the multi-disasters were in the past concurrent, caused Henan Province's drought to be most serious in 1942.

Key words: in 1942, eight cities or provinces of northern China, severe drought, reason

中图分类号: 

  • P467