关键词: 广州市, 医疗设施, 可达性, 端点吸引, GPS

Abstract:

Health care is an important part of the public service. Scholars from human geography, medicine, public health, sociology and other fields pay wide attention to its accessibility studies. A variety of methods have been emplyed to measure health care accessibility, including the distance or time to the nearest medical facility, the ratio of supply to demand in a certain radius, the gravity model, the kernel density method, and two-step floating catchment method to measure the relationship between supply and demand in a region. Among the different methods mentioned above, the attractiveness of the facilities is one of its core elements, which is mainly related to the amount and scope of services. The impact factors are mainly related to hospital size, rank, service population, traffic accessibility and so on. The reasonableness of these assumptions mentioned above directly affects the reliability of the results, and it is important to test these hypotheses. Current testing methods and data acquisition are limited, which make such kind of researches exile. GPS data of floating car provide a solution to the problem. This article test the indicators commonly used in medical facilities’ accessibility by introducing GPS floating car data. The indicators include endpoint characteristics such as hospital rank, size, whether or not covered by medicare, characteristics of service endpoint such as population in service areas, and environmental factors such as the number of other medical facilities, population and road accessibility, etc. Results showed that hospital size and population within 1.5 km have positive effects on the amount of attraction of the hospital. Other indicators commonly used in the accessibility models, such as hospital rank, whether or not covered by medicare, population and high-need population in the main service radius, road accessibility and population in the surrounding area, and the number of competitors are not significant in this article. Population within 1.5km has negative effects on the main service radius. Other indicators have no significant effect in the test of this paper. Data in this paper is mainly from the GPS data of floating car. Other transportations like walking and public transit and so on are not studied in this paper. The test of the indicator is mainly the reflection of the floating car mode. Despite the limitations, the method and main conclusion of this paper which depend on mass data of GPS have positive significance on deepening the research on accessibility.

Key words: Guangzhou, medical facilities, accessibility, endpoint attraction, GPS