关键词: 农民工, 务工区位, 非永久性迁移

Abstract:

Migration flow caused by migrant workers′ employment outside their hometown has an increasingly important impact on the overall socio-economic development. Analyzing the law of migrant workers′migrant location choice from a geographic perspective is the base of understanding the principles of this migration flow. By the analysis on relevant literature home and abroad, we find that there are less direct researches on employment location of migrant workers and the theoretical construct is weak. There is more indirectly related literature, but most of them come from sociology, economics and management science, etc. At present, the researches in China focus on the choice mechanism of employment location, the law of work distance distribution, the selection of location type on city and town and the influencing factors of employment place choice, etc. On the employment location selection mechanism, the migrant workers′ cluster, the infection model, the four-process decision-making mechanism of spatial behavior and the social capital theory offer a reasonable explanation. On the distribution of work distance, the “U” type distribution effect, the proximity effect, the job opportunity effect and the income maximization effect provide a better explanation. The principle of selecting high-grade urban areas and income effect sheds light on the selection of employment location type. The rural community factors, personal factors, family factors, distance factors, destination factors, etc., constitute the major factors influencing the employment location selection. The foreign indirect researches are concentrate on the field of permanent migration, such as immigration location, immigrant spatial structure, etc. However, researches on choice location of non-permanent migration are rather few. The theory of permanent migration is subject to certain restrictions when it is used to temporary migration due to the fact that they differ in migration time, migration purposes, migration motivation, etc. The important position of China′s migrant workers makes the issue a key research field of scholars today and for a long time. In future, geography researchers should strengthen the research in the field of migrant workers′ employment location, summarizing its general laws on the basis of case studies in different regions. As for research methods, the model analysis and quantitative analysis should be strengthened to reveal the characteristics and laws of the employment location of migrant workers more precisely. This also requires relevant government departments strengthening the statistical work on migrant workers.

Key words: migrant worker, employment location, non-permanent migration