区域公共服务设施优化配置方法研究——以大连市甘井子区兴华街道小学配置为例

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2014.07.803

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用GIS网络分析技术可真实模拟可达性，实现设施优化布局。以大连市甘井子区兴华街道小学配置为例研究，在借鉴以往研究成果基础上，结合公安部门统计数据，通过实地调研，兼顾流动人口，利用GIS技术构建网络分析数据集，采用最小化阻抗模型和最大化覆盖范围模型比较研究，确定研究区小学配置方案。结论表明，基于最大覆盖范围原则的小学选址更合理。保持区域原有的兴华小学、松江路小学、千山路小学、华中小学和芙蓉小学5 所小学在原区位继续运行，在2 号和45号点位再配置2所小学，较为合理。

关键词: 网络优化, 小学配置, 流动人口, 全域城市化, 大连市

Abstract:

Accessibility is truly simulated with the application of GIS network analytic technique to put into reality optimum allocation of infrastructure. Based on lessons drawn from former research findings, given full-scale urban development strategy of Dalian, distribution of primary schools of Xinghua Street in Ganjingzi District of Dalian City is studied as an example. By abstraction of data on residential areas and schools from high-resolution remote sensing images in the year 2012, combined with on-the-spot investigation, research and statistical data from Public Security Bureau, with migrant population taken into account, meanwhile, database of school-age population and school is established. By comparative study of minimum impedance model with some arithmetic application of such influence factors as lag time multiplied by velocity or time (sensu lato) and maximum coverage domain model with appropriate modifications involving the largest number of points in maximum service diameter and some demand points within coverage domain, an allocation schema for primary schools in studied district is identified, which is done in both small and steady stages over a period of time, rather than suddenly. The conclusion demonstrates these main points as follows : 1) The distribution of primary schools is not located well enough for the moment, and it should be improved to a much more advantageous situation with much more professional attention paid to technical analysis. 2) Primary school location based on the principle of maximum coverage is more reasonable, which presents a striking contrast between different ones. 3) It is advised that Xinghua Primary School, Songjianglu Primary School, Qianshanlu Primary School, Huazhong Primary School and Furong Primary School should be located in the original spots. 4) It is relatively reasonable to allocate 2 primary schools in No.2 and No.45 spots.

Key words: network optimization, primary school allocation, floating population, panoramic urbanization, Dalian

中图分类号:

F119.9

韩增林, 杜鹏, 王利, 于洋, 赵东霞, 丛迎雪, 任启龙. 区域公共服务设施优化配置方法研究——以大连市甘井子区兴华街道小学配置为例[J]. 地理科学, 2014, 34(7): 803-809.

Zeng-lin HAN, Peng DU, Li WANG, Yang YU, Dong-xia ZHAO, Ying-xue CONG, Qi-long REN. [J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2014, 34(7): 803-809.

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名称	可能入学人数（人）	校园面积（m²）	校舍面积（m²）	教师人数（人）
兴华小学	587	11740	5371	30
松江路小学	694	13880	6350	35
千山路小学	727	14540	6652	37
华中小学	382	7640	3495	19
芙蓉小学	316	6320	2892	16
新增2号点	440	8800	4026	22
新增45号点	331	6620	3029	17