关键词: 城市体系, 城市职能类型, 多样性, 分析方法, 中国

Abstract:

This article gives both details and overview of research development and analytical methods in urban systems. Then this article describes the spatial distribution pattern of urban system based on the data of the Chinese cities at the prefecture level or above in 2011. The conclusions can be drawn as follows. 1) The proportion of secondary industry employment is roughly equal to the tertiary industries of the Chinese cities at the prefecture level or above and the proportion of manufacturing industry is highest. There exits a large difference among cities with different sizes. The tertiary industry′s polarization phenomenon is more obvious. With the increase of city size, the number of city functions has significantly increased. It′s to verify the theoretical assumptions of the central place theory. 2) Urban system′s α diversity of provinces are quite different. Provinces with high α diversity index mainly distributed in the central and eastern regions. It is mainly affected by the regional population density, while there is no significant relationship with per capita GDP and urbanization ratio. 3) The majority of two adjacent transects′β diversity index were relatively small compared with those of the two other groups, it is indicating that the type of urban structure changes substantially along the population density, but cities in transects with population density of 800-900/km² and 300-400/km² have more unique urban type structure. 4) From the computing results of γ diversity index, spatial distribution diversity of the cities with resources, manufacturing or building role in the secondary industry is low, and space distribution of the cities with various functions in the tertiary industry is relatively uniform.

Key words: urban system, urban function type, diversity, analytic methods, China