关键词: 地带内差距, 产业内差距, 地带间差距, 产业间差距

Abstract:

This article firstly employed variation coefficient to analyze the evolution of regional economic gap in Shandong province from 1989 to 2012, and then used Theil entropy to statistically decompose the gap sources and composition. Study demonstrated that: 1) Regional economic gap in Shandong has appeared as an inverted "U" type trajectory during 1989-2012, specifically divergence in 1989-2003 and convergence in 2004-2012. In addition, the regional economic gap in final observation phase was greater than that in the beginning phase. 2) From the zone-gap composition, intra-zone gap was the main source of regional economic gap in Shandong, accounting for more than 80% of it each year, even 85% in 1989-2004. Among the intra-zone gap, contribution was mainly from east and west zone of Shandong, of which more than 44% from eastern Shandong each year and over 31% from western Shandong in 1989-2009. While contribution from inter-zone gap declined year by year, it was 19.17% in 1989 and 14.34% in 2012. Therefore, internal gap in the east zone dominated intra-zone gap and constituted the major zone gap source in Shandong Province. 3) From the industry-gap composition, regional economic gap of Shandong mainly came from intra-industry gap, whose contribution to regional gap has been more than 56% each year, and exceeded 80% after year 1998. Among the intra-industry gap, the secondary industry and the tertiary industry constituted the major source, contribution from the secondary industry has exceeded 50% in 1989-2004, and that from the tertiary industry increased and has been more than 40% after 2010. Contributions from the three industries and inter-industry gap to regional economic disparities have shown certain characteristics of time variation. Firstly, primary industry in Shandong Province contributed little, though contribution rate in 1989-1991 was slightly higher. Secondly, influence of the secondary industry in 1989-2009 was dominant, but since 2005 the contribution has tended to decrease. Thirdly, the tertiary industry's contribution showed a continuous upward trend except in 2003 and 2004, and even exceeded the secondary industry in 2011 and 2012. Fourthly, the contribution of inter-industry gap showed up briefly trend in 1989-1991 and decreasing trend after 1992. In short, the imbalance of development of secondary industry and tertiary industry in different regions was the major sources of regional economic gap in Shandong Province. According to the above empirical results, policy recommendations are: 1) Industrial layout should be overall planned and factor endowments in different areas should be given an important consideration. The feasible industry in Shandong Province may be laid out as follows: the eastern area should gradually build up capital-intensive and knowledge-technology-intensive industries, the central area should mainly concentrate on resource-intensive and capital-intensive industries, while the western area should focus on labor-intensive and resource-intensive industries. 2) Economic policy should be further unified to promote competitive enterprises to cross-regional expansion and foster cross-regional industrial group, which will eventually bring industrial interaction among different administrative regions. 3) Education funding of the backward areas should be greatly increased to improve the local labor quality and form the superiority of labor resources for non-agricultural development.

Key words: intra-zone gap, intra-industry gap, inter-zone gap, inter-industry gap