经济活动空间分布的探究：技术溢出、环境污染与贸易自由化

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2015.02.161

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新经济地理学第一次在一般均衡的分析框架内说明了经济活动的内生区位选择机理。经济活动的空间分布不仅跟技术溢出、环境污染有关,也跟贸易自由化有关。技术溢出效应跟空间距离有关,随着地区间技术溢出效应的增加,会加强产业的分散力,推动经济空间结构由非对称结构转向对称结构。环境污染必然影响资本生产部门的生产成本,随着地区间环境污染传播效应的增加,会增强产业的集聚力,推动经济空间结构由对称结构向非对称结构演变。贸易自由度的变化可以引起任何形式的产业空间结构稳态,对称结构、中心-外围结构以及部分产业集聚都有存在的可能。虽然经济活动的空间集中的非均衡发展是国家经济发展初期不可逾越的阶段,但是由此产生的区域经济差异会随着经济一体化的深入推进而最终消失。

关键词: 技术溢出, 环境污染, 贸易自由化, 经济活动空间分布

Abstract:

New Economic Geography has gained great fame, despite of its short history of more than 20 years. Its core concept is to emphasize the spatial non-continuity and non-monotonic of economic growth, subsequently to explain the regional economic development differences. It is the first approach that New Economic Geography has illustrated the endogenous location choice mechanism of economic activities in a general equilibrium setting. The spatial distribution of economic activities is not only related to technology spillover and environmental pollution, but also related to trade liberalization. Technology spillover effects are associated with space distance. As the increase of technology spillover effects between regions, the industrial dispersion force is enhanced and the economic spatial structure is changed from the asymmetric structure to symmetric structure. Environmental pollution inevitably affects the production cost of capital production department. The increment of environmental pollution spreading effect between regions will strengthen the industrial agglomeration and promote the change of structure from symmetric to asymmetric structure. The change of trade freeness can result in all kinds of stable state of industrial spatial structure that includes full agglomeration and symmetric spreading as well as partial agglomeration. Although the unbalanced development of the spatial concentration of economic activities is an insurmountable stage of the national economic development in the early, but the resulting regional economic differences will eventually disappear with the deepening of economic integration.

Key words: technology spillover, environmental pollution, trade liberalization, spatial distribution of economic activities

中图分类号:

F291

何雄浪, 张泽义. 经济活动空间分布的探究：技术溢出、环境污染与贸易自由化[J]. 地理科学, 2015, 35(2): 161-167.

Xiong-lang HE, Ze-yi ZHANG. Exploration on the Distribution of Economic Activity: Technology Spillover, Environmental Pollution and Trade Liberalization[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2015, 35(2): 161-167.

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