关键词: 地理空间的等级层次性, 认知, 地方性, 旅游目的地形象, 农村居民点, 农牧交错带, 土地利用

Abstract:

Settlements are places of habitation, production and the living places for people. This article selected Korqin Left Wing Middle Banner as the study area, which was a typical farming-pastoral ecotone in the northern China. We selected elevation, slope, and aspect as factors that affected the distribution of rural settlements, and these factors were divided into 9, 6 and 8 grades, respectively. We conducted research about the distribution of rural settlements on different elevation, slope, aspect, and analyzed the impacts of rural settlements on land use pattern in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry. The results showed that: 1) Rural settlements mainly distributed in the areas that is from 0 m to 200 m above sea level, or where the slope is less than 6°, or shady slope. These are because the higher the altitude, the poorer living conditions are, which make it is difficult to build house and road. Moreover, the elevation also affects the precipitation and temperature that are critical for farming and grazing. Generally speaking, slope is a very impotent factor influencing the distribution of rural settlements. However, due to the study area is flat, we cannot find an obviously change trend of settlements density on different slope gradients. Affected by freeze-thaw action, settlements density on the shady slope is greater than that on the sunny slope. 2) Rural residential has a direct impact on land use pattern, the greater the rural settlement density, the greater proportion of agriculture land and the less proportion of grassland, and vice versa. The total area of cultivated land that located within 2 000 m away from the settlements is 2 701.90 km2, representing 74.4% of the total arable land; the grassland mainly distributed in the areas that farther away more than 1 500 m, The total grassland that within 1 500 m from the settlements only 35.1% of the total grassland, about 1 391.83 km2. In addition, according to the proportion of arable land and grassland within each town, the study area can be divided into agricultural region (cultivated land proportion > 50%), pastoral region (grassland proportion > 50%), agricultural and pastoral region (cultivated land proportion < 50% and grassland proportion < 50%). In agricultural region and pastoral region, the distribution of farmland and grassland around residential areas followed the same pattern: the farther away from the settlements, the less proportion of cultivated land and the higher proportion of the grassland. However, the situation is the opposite in pastoral region: the farther away from the settlements, the higher proportion of cultivated land, and the proportion of grassland away from residential areas within 2.5 km remain unchanged on the whole.

Key words: Geographical area hierarchy, Perception, Place, Tourist destination image, farming-pastoral zone, rural settlements, land use