苏北海岸带盐沼生态系统对二氯苯的自然吸收通量特征

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2015.04.491

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分别于生长季（2004 年7 月）和非生长季（2005 年1 月）在苏北海岸带盐沼沿环境梯度采用静态箱技术原位测定二氯苯通量。结果表明：研究区大气中二氯苯可能源于海水外源输入,海岸带盐沼植物和土壤对外源输入的二氯苯具有重要的吸收作用,盐沼土壤和植物根系对二氯苯的自然吸收强度大于盐沼植物地上部分,其强度具有显著的物种依赖性;海岸带盐沼对外源输入的二氯苯的自然吸收能力具有显著的季节差异性,这种季节差异性源于高等植物及其根际环境自然吸收能力以及对生态因子响应敏感性程度的季节差异;海岸带盐沼对外源输入的二氯苯自然吸收能力具有显著地空间异质性,这种空间异质性与盐沼生态系统对二氯苯自然吸收能力的物种依赖性有直接的关系。因此,盐沼植物是大气二氯苯自然吸收库的重要组成部分,并对其时空变化特征具有重要的影响。盐沼生态系统高等植物物种种类、生物活性以及影响生物活性生态因子的空间差异性是盐沼对二氯苯的自然吸收强度空间分布差异性的重要因素, 即使在高等植物生物活性降低的非生长季,高等植物地上立枯的存在也能够对大气中二氯苯的自然吸收产生影响。

关键词: 二氯苯, 物种依赖性, 空间异质性, 季节变化

Abstract:

Dichlorobenzene (DCB) is used primarily as a chemical intermediate, or as solvent and has adverse effects on animals and humans. The fluxes of DCB were measured seasonally using static flux chambers along an elevational gradient of a coastal salt marsh of eastern China. Main results are as follows, DCB of the atmosphere may be from external input of seawater in the study area, the plant and the soil of coastal salt marsh ecosystem are important sink of DCB, natural removal flux of soil and plant roots is more than that of above ground biomassof plant, its strength has significant species dependent. Seasonal variation of natural absorption flux of DCB is significant, it is from the seasonal difference of natural absorption capacity from higher plants, their rhizosphere environment, and the sensitivity degree of response to ecological factors. Significant spatial heterogeneity of natural absorption capacity of DCB is significant, it were closely correlated with species dependence of absorptive capacity. Therefore, the plant is an important part of the natural removal of DCB in atmosphere, and has a significant influence on the temporal and spatial variation characteristics. The spatial difference of plant species, biological activity and ecological factors that infect on biological activity of plant in salt marsh ecosystem are important factors that impact on spatial heterogeneity of natural absorption capacity of DCB, the presence of standing litter of the plant could also have an impact on natural absorption of DCB of atmosphere, even in no growth season that biological activity of plant is lower.

Key words: DCB, species dependence, spatial heterogeneity, seasonal variation

中图分类号:

X142/Q178.531

王进欣, 黄巧华, 李超, 张威, 郭楠, 王今殊. 苏北海岸带盐沼生态系统对二氯苯的自然吸收通量特征[J]. 地理科学, 2015, 35(4): 491-497.

Jin-xin WANG, Qiao-hua HUANG, Chao LI, Wei ZHANG, Nan GUO, Jin-shu WANG. The Characteristics of Fluxes of Natural Removal of Dichlorobenzene from Atmosphere in A Coastal Salt Marsh of Northern Jiangsu[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2015, 35(4): 491-497.

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影响因子				a	b	R²
大气中二氯苯初始浓度		去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		-0.52	-0.30	0.63
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		-0.60	-0.66	0.67
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		-0.38	-0.22	0.69
光照强度		去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		-0.18	5.79	0.46
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		-0.26	8.46	0.57
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		-0.10	3.26	0.71
高等植物地上生物量		全部样点	生长季(n=9 )	-0.002	-0.37	0.84
		全部样点	非生长季(n=8 )	-0.01	2.48	0.60
		互花米草	生长季(n=5 )	-0.05	24.31	0.96
		互花米草	非生长季(n=4 )	-0.03	12.04	0.81
土壤	地表温度	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		-0.35	-1.25	0.61
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		-0.46	-1.48	0.70
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		-0.24	-0.88	0.72
	10 cm土壤温度	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		-0.45	-0.47	0.68
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		-0.55	-0.56	0.76
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		-0.30	-0.45	0.71
	有机质	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		-1.50	6.16	0.71
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		-1.06	4.19	0.86
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		-1.84	7.64	0.77
	全氮含量	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		-18.43	3.28	0.47
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		-34.69	7.86	0.62
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		-14.43	2.32	0.58
	可溶性盐总量	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		1.67	-20.31	0.57
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		1.88	-23.06	0.68
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		1.51	-18.01	0.51
	SO₄^2-含量	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		-7.51	11.03	0.62
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		-8.07	11.65	0.64
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		-6.87	10.28	0.63
	NO₃^-含量	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		131.85	-12.41	0.47
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		172.58	-16.18	0.59
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		109.29	-10.14	0.45
	Cl^-含量	去除地上植物前+后(n=45)		0.90	-21.87	0.27
		去除地上植物前(n=23)		1.22	-30.14	0.37
		去除地上植物后(n=22)		0.56	-13.33	0.50