基于空间句法的武汉城市圈城乡道路网通达性演化分析

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2015.06.698

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将空间句法理论与GIS相结合,基于1989~2010年武汉城市圈城乡道路网数据,定量分析城乡道路网发育的空间通达性演化规律：① 1989~2010年,城乡道路网拓扑连接位序-规模结构日益发育典型,形成稳定的“金字塔”结构,高等级、高控制力的高通达性轴线发育水平较低,导致整个网络伺服效率和应对“拥堵”能力的低下;② 武汉城市圈城乡道路网生长发育具有时空惯性,呈现典型的“核心-边缘”和“等级圈层”复合结构;并生成两条带状城乡交通走廊和多个不同等级有序融合的“轴-辐”网络体系;③ 城乡道路网这种通达性等级空间格局与圈域城镇体系、交通设施和社会经济发展状况密切相关,尤其是与高速公路为代表的高等级路网发育水平,表现出复杂的共轭协调关系,表现出周期性和螺旋式的空间嬗变,是城乡道路网自组织生长机制支配,以及路网扩张和细分两种内力共同交互作用的结果。

关键词: 通达性, 空间演化, 城乡道路网, 空间句法, 武汉城市圈

Abstract:

The spatial accessibility has been a prerequisite to the linkage and development of regional integration. The relationship between the spatial evolution of metropolitan area and the development of transport network is a kind of spatial interaction. The transport network becomes a material basis and essential prerequisite to the foundation of metropolitan area, and the transport accessibility determines material flow, energy flow and information flow between city and region, and it’s an important gene to the development of metropolitan area. With taking Wuhan metropolitan area as example, this article explores the spatio-temporal evolution of the road network accessibility with the support of space syntax model, GIS technology and statistical analysis method. The basic conclusions are obtained as follows: 1) Pyramid structure shows that the overall level of high-grade road network topology connectivity is relatively low. The above structures and patterns of the road network have a great impact on the transportation system of the city. For instance, some roads with very low accessibility are easy to have traffic jam and low efficiency for distributing traffic flow to the entire road network. 2) Caused by the hierarchy of the road network topology links, the spatial differentiation of urban-rural road network traffic axes is significant, showing a typically composite structure of center-marginal and rank circle, two banded city corridors were formed around the east-west roads along the Yangtze River and the north-south roads along the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. At the same time, the centrality advantages of Wuhan have been strengthened and a number of different levels orderly integrated “node -spoke” network system were developed. 3) The spatially uneven accessibility pattern of road network has a close relationship with the city and town system, transportation facilities and social-economic development of the area. It should also be noted that there is a complex reciprocal-coordinate relationship between highly developed road networks; the growth of urban-rural road network exhibits a kind of characteristic of cyclical and spiral space evolution, which is resulted from the interaction of two kinds of internal force: expansion and subdivision. Therefore, the metropolitan area should pay more attention on the construction of transport infrastructure, especially those high-grade traffic lines and joints which would have a great impact to the regional accessibility, all these is propitious to the servo and validity of transport network; secondly, the metropolitan area should better have some secondary cities in order to form a multi-polar structure of transport network, it could enhance the balance and stability of total transport network; thirdly, the construction of regional expressway network should been strengthen in order to promote the operation level and efficiency of transport network.

Key words: accessibility, spatial evolution, urban-rural road network, spatial syntax, Wuhan metropolitan area

中图分类号:

F294.3

刘承良, 余瑞林, 段德忠. 基于空间句法的武汉城市圈城乡道路网通达性演化分析[J]. 地理科学, 2015, 35(6): 698-707.

Cheng-liang LIU, Rui-lin YU, De-zhong DUAN. The Evolution of Spatial Accessibility of Urban-rural Road Network Based on the Space Syntax in Wuhan Metropolitan Area[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2015, 35(6): 698-707.

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指标	GDP	总人口）	城市化	民用车	消费品零售额
连接总值	0.987467	0.645657	0.846443	0.997169	0.994171
控制总值	0.944341	0.706394	0.925186	0.948148	0.951022
全局深度总值	0.948105	0.661627	0.879909	0.932502	0.958612
三步深度总值	0.989624	0.624703	0.829964	0.999993	0.996116
整体集成度总值	0.980935	0.659276	0.869582	0.992292	0.988009
局部集成度总值	0.977517	0.668368	0.890421	0.995756	0.983811