基于空间重构视角的老工业区人地关系研究——以沈阳市铁西区为例

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2015.07.890

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以铁西老工业区为例,通过2000年、2005年和2010年的航片及遥感影像数据,结合300 m×300 m网格的5 206栋建筑单体的人工调查,基于GIS及制度理论,从空间重构视角揭示了微观尺度人地系统演化特征,阐明了人地结构变化的动力机制。铁西老工业区空间重构主要表现为级差地租支撑下的企业搬迁：1938~2000年呈南北格局,2000年后快速转化为东西格局。以政府、企业和公众为主要分析对象构建空间重构动力分析模型,结果表明：政策条件对人地系统演化具有直接影响,其作用效力依赖于产业结构类型及其与周边区域经济活动的关联性。

关键词: 人地关系, 老工业区, 空间重构, 土地利用

Abstract:

Understanding human-land relationships is essential for optimizing human activities in order to achieve local and global sustainability. China’s rapid urbanization is attracting much global attention; however, one of the challenges to achieve sustainable urbanization in China is to determine appropriate development mechanisms related to human-land relationships. As one of the typical industrial bases in China, the Tiexi District in Shenyang suffered from serious decline but now is shifting its industrial structure from heavy industries to tertiary ones, along with essential improvement of natural ecosystems and re-structuring of land use. Using Tiexi District as a case study, this article investigates the evolution of the human-land relationships in the context of urban spatial restructuring based on both qualitative and quantitative analysis of temporal and spatial elements. Following the literature review, a database was built, based on interpretations of aerial photographs of Tiexi in 2000 and of the Quickbird Images in 2005 and 2010, combined with a survey on existing buildings. Subsequently, GIS was employed to identify the evolution of both characteristics and driving forces of the human-land relationship changes at both micro and meso scales. The new economic and technical development zone provided opportunities and resources for enterprise redevelopment, especially related to four strategies: entire-move-out, partial-move-out, bankruptcy and redevelopment on original site. Structures and functions have changed markedly during 2000 to 2010. For example, industrial land use was reduced from 1 486 hm² in 2000 to 842 hm² in 2010 while residential land use increased from 1 077 hm² in 2000 to 1 452 hm² in 2010; commercial and service industries land increased from 59 hm² in 2000 to 110 hm² in 2010; and land use for public facilities, transport and roads and welfare remained almost the same level compared to that in 2000 and 2010. In addition, the per-capita living space of the residents has grown from 6.0 m2 in 2000 to 28.6 m2 in 2010; and, per-capita green land jumped to 4.15 m² which was an increase of 39% compared to 2000. Finally, a total of 5206 buildings were investigated by a field-survey, and information was obtained for 3 702 of them regarding the year they were built, and of the land occupied, which was about 1 102 hm². The results show that the land area covered by the buildings built during 2000-2010, 1980-1999 and 1949-1980 is about 743 hm², 304 hm² and 63 hm², respectively. Since 2000 the land use distribution has shifted from a “South-North Pattern” to an “East-West Pattern” which confirms that the external resources and policy tools have had serious affects on the evolution of regional human-land development. Finally, government, public and private firms were identified as the 3 main agents and investigated their roles and interactions.

Key words: human-land relationship, old industrial area, spatial reconstruction, land use

中图分类号:

K901.8

薛冰, 张黎明, 耿涌, 任婉侠, 逯承鹏, 田旭. 基于空间重构视角的老工业区人地关系研究——以沈阳市铁西区为例[J]. 地理科学, 2015, 35(7): 890-897.

Bing XUE, Li-ming ZHANG, Yong GENG, Wan-xia REN, Cheng-peng LU, Xu TIAN. Spatial-restructuring Analysis of Human-land Relationships in An Old Industrial Area: The Case of the Tiexi District, Shenyang[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2015, 35(7): 890-897.

图/表 5

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