关键词: 生猪养殖, 产业集聚, 环境效应, 嘉兴市辖区

Abstract:

This article explores the environmental effect from the evolution of pig breeding industrial agglomeration. In Zhejiang Province, China, pig breeding industry has rapidly been running in a highly mass breeding mode for years instead of the traditional scattered farming mode. Along with the economic and social development to a certain stage, pig breeding pollution has thus become a type of new source of pollution, which is influenced mainly by the development of pig breeding industry and the constraint of cultivated land resource enslaved to the regional urbanization level. Some studies have shown that industrial agglomeration can produce corresponding environmental effect. But most of these studies laid more emphasis on confirming the causal relationship between industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution, without the theoretical analysis and induction so as to form a certain regularity and system. Especially on agricultural non-point source pollution, few of studies could hardly make a powerful explanation out of some profound understanding in the environment externality effect from livestock and poultry farming production. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to explore the environmental effect from the evolution of pig breeding industrial agglomeration, for indicating the direction of pig breeding pollution control policy in order to ensure the healthy and stable development of this industry in the long run. This article introduces “location entropy” to measure pig breeding pollution concentration, pig breeding industrial agglomeration, cultivated land resource gathering, and urbanization rate, using the relevant time series data from 1997 to 2012 in Jiaxing municipal district (Zhejiang Province, China) and Jiaxing region where the former is located. Then with a sample of Jiaxing municipal district, a model about the environmental effect from the evolution of pig breeding industrial agglomeration is built to reveal in theory the particularity and intrinsic regularity of the pollution from pig farming. There are three main findings. First, the inverted U-shaped curve between pig breeding pollution concentration and pig breeding industrial agglomeration, is essentially an evolutionary trajectory of environmental negative externality effect in process of production with its correction. Second, there exists a linear relationship of negative correlation between pig breeding pollution concentration and cultivated land resource gathering; for the later is influenced by urbanization rate, there is a linear relationship of negative correlation between cultivated land resource gathering and urbanization rate. Third, under pollution control policy, the curve with the improvement of pig breeding industrial agglomeration first tilts to the upper right and then bends down gradually; in cultivated land resource constraint, the curve moves up; when the reduction due to the bend-down is offset in turn covered by the increase due to the move-up for the pig breeding pollution concentration, pollution control policy is probably out of work. Therefore, pollution control policy should take the change of cultivated land resources caused by urbanization into account.

Key words: pig breeding, industrial agglomeration, environmental effect, evolution, Jiaxing municipal district