南沙红树林湿地公园水环境质量时空差异分析——基于改进后倍斜率聚类分析的视角

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.02.018

地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 303-311.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.02.018

南沙红树林湿地公园水环境质量时空差异分析——基于改进后倍斜率聚类分析的视角

宋焱^1,²(), 徐颂军¹(), 刘贤赵², 张勇², 邱鹏华³, 牛安逸¹, 许观嫦¹

1. 华南师范大学地理科学学院,广东广州 510631
2. 湖南科技大学地理科学系,湖南湘潭 411201
3. 海南师范大学地理与旅游学院,海南海口 571158

收稿日期:2015-01-06 修回日期:2015-05-12 出版日期:2016-02-20 发布日期:2016-02-20
作者简介:
作者简介：宋焱（1980-）,女,湖南长沙人,博士研究生,主要从事旅游环境生态与景观生态研究。E-mail：songyanscnu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41271060）、广东省自然科学基金项目（8151063101000016）资助

Time and Space Differences of Water Environmental Quality of the Mangrove Wetland Park in Nansha:Based on the Improved Twice-slope Clustering Method

Yan Song^1,²(), Songjun Xu¹(), Xianzhao Liu², Yong Zhang², Penghua Qiu³, Anyi Niu¹, Guanchang Xu¹

1. College of Geography Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong,China
2. Department of Geography Science,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
3.College of Geography and Tourism,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158, Hainan,China

Received:2015-01-06 Revised:2015-05-12 Online:2016-02-20 Published:2016-02-20
Supported by:
National Nature Sciences Foundation of China（41271060）and Nature Sciences Foundation of Guangdong（8151063101000016）

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

于2007年和2014年的丰水期和枯水期分别测量了南沙红树林湿地公园一期、二期及其附近河涌8个采样点的水体温度、pH、DO、COD、BOD₅、TP和TN等物化指标。通过对比监测结果和倍斜率聚类评价结果发现：研究区水质总体上处于Ⅱ级-Ⅲ级或Ⅱ级-Ⅳ级的“尚清洁”状态;红树林湿地公园一期2008年对外开放后至2014年,水环境指标中pH变化范围不大,DO、COD含量有所下降,BOD₅、TP和TN含量均呈增加趋势;2007年南沙红树林湿地公园一期采样点W1、W2、W3水质优于河涌采样点W7和W8,河涌采样点W7和W8水质优于红树林湿地公园二期采样点W4、W5、W6;2014年南沙红树林湿地公园二期采样点W4、W5、W6水质优于红树林湿地公园一期采样点W1、W2、W3和河涌采样点W7、W8;8个采样点中水质改善最明显的是二期采样点W6,水质下降最明显的是一期采样点W3;丰水期河涌水质2014年较2007年有所好转,但红树林湿地公园水质无论枯水期亦或丰水期,多数情况下优于河涌水质;研究区域水环境质量的时空差异总规律为2007~2014年南沙红树林湿地公园二期水质好转,一期水质有所下降。

关键词: 倍斜率聚类法, 水环境质量评价, 红树林湿地, 时空差异分析, 广州南沙

Abstract:

This study constructs the wider twice-slope clustering membership functions of the clustering index — dissolved oxygen (DO), based on the nondimensionalization of the monitoring results of water environment and the pollution classification standard. The physical chemistry indexes (e.g., temperature, pH, DO, COD, BOD₅, TP and TN) of eight sampling sites were measured in the Nansha Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅰ, Ⅱ and the brook nearby at the abundant, medium and dry seasons in 2007 and 2014. The comparison of the monitoring and evaluation results of the eight sampling points in 2007 and 2014 shows the following findings: on the whole, the water quality in the study area is in the health or sub-health state (level Ⅱ-Ⅲ or level Ⅱ-Ⅳ). Since its opening to outside as a tourist scenic spot, the Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅰ has shown some changes in the indexes of water environment in 2008-2014. The monitoring results demonstrate that the change in pH is very small. At the same time, the DO has decreased, while the BOD₅ has increased. A decrease is also observed in the COD content, by contrast, the TP and TN contents have shown a trend of increase. In 2007, the water quality of the sampling points W1, W2 and W3 in the Nansha Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅰ was better than that of the sampling points W7 and W8 in the brook. The water quality of the sampling points W7 and W8 in the brook was better than that of the sampling points W4, W5 and W6 in the Nansha Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅱ. In 2014, the water quality of the sampling points W4, W5 and W6 showed a dramatic improvement and was better than that of the sampling points W1, W2 and W3 in the Nansha Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅰ and the sampling points W7 and W8 in the brook. Among the eight sampling sites, W6 in the Nansha Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅱ showed the greatest improvement, while the sampling point W3 in the Nansha Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅰ observed the greatest declining in water quality. Although the water quality of the brook was improved at abundant season in 2014, the water quality of the Mangrove Wetland Park, at either abundant or dry seasons, is at least not less than and in most cases superior to the water quality of the brook. The general rule of the time and space differences of the water environmental quality in the study area is that the water quality of the Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅱ has been improved, while that of the Mangrove Wetland Park Ⅰ shows declining a trend in 2007-2014.

Key words: twice-slope clustering method, water environmental quality assessment, mangrove wetland tourist area, time and space differences, Guangzhou Nansha

中图分类号:

K928.4

宋焱, 徐颂军, 刘贤赵, 张勇, 邱鹏华, 牛安逸, 许观嫦. 南沙红树林湿地公园水环境质量时空差异分析——基于改进后倍斜率聚类分析的视角[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(2): 303-311.

Yan Song, Songjun Xu, Xianzhao Liu, Yong Zhang, Penghua Qiu, Anyi Niu, Guanchang Xu. Time and Space Differences of Water Environmental Quality of the Mangrove Wetland Park in Nansha:Based on the Improved Twice-slope Clustering Method[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(2): 303-311.

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项目	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅴ	VI
DO	≥7.5	6~7.5	5~6	3~5	2~3	0~2
COD BOD₅ TP TN	≤15 ≤3 ≤0.02 ≤0.2	≤15 ≤3 0.02~0.1 0.2~0.5	15~20 3~4 0.1~0.2 0.5~1	20~30 4~6 0.2~0.3 1~1.5	30~40 6~10 0.3~0.4 1.5~2	40~∞ 10~∞ 0.4~∞ 2~∞

采样点	2007年8月			2007年12月		2014年1月			2014年6月
采样点	污染等级		最大聚类系数		污染等级	最大聚类系数	污染等级	最大聚类系数	污染等级	最大聚类系数
W1	Ⅱ	0.813		Ⅲ	0.708	Ⅳ	0.740		Ⅱ	0.778
W2	Ⅱ	0.912		Ⅱ	0.937	Ⅲ	0.855		Ⅱ	0.864
W3	Ⅱ	0.800		Ⅱ	0.951	Ⅱ	0.784		Ⅵ	0.833
W4	Ⅳ	0.754		Ⅱ	0.722	Ⅲ	0.874		Ⅱ	0.886
W5	Ⅱ	0.868		Ⅳ	0.677	Ⅱ	0.728		Ⅱ	0.825
W6	Ⅳ	0.841		Ⅳ	0.782	Ⅲ	0.905		Ⅲ	0.681
W7	Ⅲ	0.871		Ⅱ	0.772	Ⅳ	0.610		Ⅱ	0.749
W8	Ⅲ	0.887		Ⅳ	0.758	Ⅳ	0.695		Ⅱ	0.660

南沙红树林湿地公园水环境质量时空差异分析——基于改进后倍斜率聚类分析的视角

Time and Space Differences of Water Environmental Quality of the Mangrove Wetland Park in Nansha:Based on the Improved Twice-slope Clustering Method

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采样点	2007年8月			2007年12月		2014年1月			2014年6月
采样点	倍斜率聚类法		等斜率聚类法		倍斜率聚类法	等斜率聚类法	倍斜率聚类法	等斜率聚类法	倍斜率聚类法	等斜率聚类法
W1	Ⅱ	Ⅲ		Ⅲ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅳ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ
W2	Ⅱ	Ⅱ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅱ		Ⅱ	Ⅲ
W3	Ⅱ	Ⅲ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ	Ⅱ	Ⅱ		Ⅵ	Ⅴ
W4	Ⅳ	Ⅳ		Ⅱ	Ⅳ	Ⅲ	Ⅱ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ
W5	Ⅱ	Ⅲ		Ⅳ	Ⅳ	Ⅱ	Ⅱ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ
W6	Ⅳ	Ⅳ		Ⅳ	Ⅳ	Ⅲ	Ⅱ		Ⅲ	Ⅱ
W7	Ⅲ	Ⅲ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ	Ⅳ	Ⅳ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ
W8	Ⅲ	Ⅲ		Ⅳ	Ⅳ	Ⅳ	Ⅳ		Ⅱ	Ⅱ