安徽省旅游政策变迁及其空间 n.响应研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.03.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

借助于经济学供给需求分析视角,构建旅游政策变迁及其空间响应的理论框架,根据新制度经济学路径依赖理论和利益集团理论,探寻旅游政策变迁的路径和动因,揭示旅游政策变迁和旅游空间结构发展演化的内在联系。并以安徽省为例,根据改革开放之后安徽省旅游业发展的不同阶段,将旅游政策变迁划分为形成期、密集期和协调融合期3个时期,其空间响应状态分别为点状格局、单一板块格局和多板块空间格局。分析得出,在中国经济体制转轨的背景下,旅游发展由政府主导型向市场主导型转变,旅游政策在不同时期通过其作用机制引导、激励利益主体投资建设旅游节点、交通设施等行为,推动旅游空间格局由点状格局向板块格局发展演化,旅游政策的空间响应强度取决于政府对信息的掌握程度和政策对利益主体的激励程度。

关键词: 旅游政策, 空间响应, 安徽省

Abstract:

The evolution of tourism spatial structure was impacted profoundly by institutional elements in addition to resource endowments, levels of economic development, transportation and other factors. Based on the perspective of supply demand analysis, this article constructed the theoretical framework of tourism policy change and its spatial response, according to the path dependence theory and the interest groups theory of new institutional economics. We explored the path and motivation of tourism policy change to reveal the inner link between the tourism policy change and the development of the tourism spatial structure. And meanwhile, we took Anhui Province as an example, according to the different stages of the development of tourism industry, the change of tourism policy was divided into three periods: the formation period, the intensive period and the coordination and integration period, whose spatial response of the tourism industry was point pattern, single plate pattern and multi plate spatial pattern, respectively. We found that in the background of China's economic system transition, the tourism development was converted from the government-led to the market-led, tourism policies motivated the interest groups to invest tourism nodes, transportation facilities and so on, through its effect mechanism in different periods, and promoted the evolution of tourism spatial pattern from the point pattern to the plate pattern, the spatial response intensity of the tourism policy depended on the degree of government information and the degree of incentive of the policy to the interest groups.

Key words: tourism policy, spatial response, Anhui Province

中图分类号:

韩卢敏, 陆林, 杨兴柱. 安徽省旅游政策变迁及其空间 n.响应研究[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(3): 431-438.

Lumin Han, Lin Lu, Xingzhu Yang. Change of Tourism Policy and Its Spatial Response of Anhui Province, China[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(3): 431-438.

图/表 6

图1

表1

安徽省旅游政策发展阶段、交通情况及空间响应"

发展阶段	主要旅游政策	交通情况	空间响应
旅游政策形成期(1979~1999年)	1987年,安徽省政府制定“以黄山为中心,以皖南为重点,发展旅游事业”经济发展战略	G318、G205、宣广高速	点状格局
旅游政策密集期(2000~2005年)	2000年,安徽省委省政府制定“两山一湖”旅游经济发展战略; 2000年,安徽省委省政府制定《关于进一步加快旅游业发展的意见》,实施“抓‘两山一湖’,促旅游发展,带全省经济”的产业发展战略,制定下发了《“两山一湖”旅游经济发展规划纲要》、《关于加快“两山一湖”旅游经济发展的若干意见》; 2001年,安徽省政府委托WTO编制《安徽省“两山一湖”地区旅游发展总体规划》; 2005年,安徽省政府印发《关于促进“两山一湖”地区旅游产业发展若干政策》	宏儒(宏村、儒村)公路、G206	单一板块空间格局
旅游政策整合期(2006至今)	2006年,安徽省《“十一五”旅游发展规划》,构建大皖南国际性旅游区、泛巢湖国家级旅游区和新皖北区域性旅游区三大旅游板块; 2009年,安徽省政府批复设立“皖南国际旅游文化示范区”; 2011年,国务院批复设立皖南国际旅游文化示范区; 2011年,安徽省《“十二五”旅游发展规划》,构建皖南国际旅游文化示范区、皖江城市带旅游区、合肥经济圈旅游区和皖北旅游区四大旅游板块; 2011年,编制《皖南国际旅游文化示范区旅游发展总体规划》、《合肥经济圈旅游发展总体规划》、《皖江城市带旅游发展总体规划》、《皖北旅游发展总体规划》; 2012年,《安徽省旅游业发展总体规划》建设四大旅游片区; 2014年,国家发改委批复《皖南国际文化旅游示范区规划建设纲要》	合铜黄高速、沿江高速、沪渝高速、济广高速、绩黄高速、合芜宣城际铁路、合福高铁、宁安高铁	多个板块空间格局

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年份	黄山	九华山	齐云山	棠樾牌坊群	西递
1990年	67.0	43.3	10.1	2.00	1.65
1991年	76.3	41.0	12.8	3.46	1.54
1992年	90.64	47.63	–	4.18	2.28