1933~2012年无定河径流突变与周期特征诊断

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.03.020

地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 475-480.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.03.020

• • 上一篇

1933~2012年无定河径流突变与周期特征诊断

张健^1,²(), 李同昇¹, 张俊辉³, 徐象平⁴

1.西北大学城市与环境学院, 陕西西安 710127
2.西北大学西北历史研究所, 陕西西安 710069
3.宝鸡文理学院灾害监测与机理模拟陕西省重点实验室, 陕西宝鸡 721016
4.西北大学学报编辑部, 陕西西安 710069

收稿日期:2014-11-20 修回日期:2015-04-22 出版日期:2016-03-20 发布日期:2016-03-20
作者简介:
张健（1980-）,男,陕西大荔人,博士,讲师,博士后,研究方向为历史地理及其信息技术、气候变化与社会响应、环境史。E-mail：zhangjian@nwu.edu.cn
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（13YJC770064）、教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目（13JJD770019）、中国博士后科学基金项目（2015M572587）、陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目（13JK0042）资助

The Runoff Abrupt Change and Periodic Characteristics of the Wudinghe River During 1933-2012

Jian Zhang^1,²(), Tongsheng Li¹, Junhui Zhang³, Xiangping Xu⁴

1.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, Shaanxi,China
2.Research Institute for History of Northwest China, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
3.Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring & Mechanism Stimulating Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721016, Shaanxi, China
4.Journal Editorial Department of Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China

Received:2014-11-20 Revised:2015-04-22 Online:2016-03-20 Published:2016-03-20
Supported by:
Humanity and Social Research Project of Education Ministry to Young Scholars (13YJC770064), Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(13JJD770019), Postdoctoral Foundation of China (2015M572587), Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province (13JK0042)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取黄河中游区实施水土保持最早的一级支流无定河流域,利用滑动-T、曼-肯德尔和山本等3种突变检测方法相互验证,确定了在受人类活动显著影响下,径流的突变年份为1972年,自此径流平均减少3.55×10⁸m³;基于径流突变前降水与径流的显著相关性,并借助地统计克里格空间插值法,重建1933~2012年无定河流域出口控制水位站天然径流变化序列。采用小波分析法诊断天然径流序列的周期变化,结果显示：天然年径流存在6个不同时间尺度的“丰-枯”演变特征,其平均周期分别对应着35.5、22.2、16.8、12.2、9.3和3.3 a。

关键词: 年径流, 径流突变, 周期特征, 无定河, 黄河中游

Abstract:

River is the path of water current on the land surface that collection and transmission, and the hydrological response of a catchment and hydrological processes which represents the global changes of the response of the earth′s surface. It is of great importance to study the runoff evolvement process. Changing rules and the influence factors in the Yellow River and would enhance sustainable development of social economy and effectively protect our environment under the reasonable utilization of river basin water resources. If we want to identify the ways of response of runoff to climate change in semi-arid region in northwest of China, the study should be first based on the grasp of the long period evolvement rules of runoff. Based on the observed annual runoff data of the Wudinghe River during 1945-2012, the characteristic of the abrupt change had been diagnosed by employing the methods of Moving t-test technique and Mann-Kendall and Yamamoto. The analysis showed that the annual runoff of the Wudinghe River changed abruptly in 1972, in the year since, the decrease of the runoff is about 3.55×10⁸m³on average. Precipitation decrease about 6.28% but runoff decrease about 26.62% on average after the abrupt change of the Wudinghe River runoff during 1933-2012. Although precipitation was the primary factor to affect surface water resource, precipitation was not the main reason for runoff decrease compared with human activities. Then reconstruct the sequence of natural runoff of the Wudinghe River during 1933-2012 according to the significant correlation between precipitation and runoff before 1972. Morlet complex wavelet function was used to transform the sequence of runoff of Baijiachuan hydrologic stationin of the Wudinghe River during 1933-2012. According to wavelet to analyze the periodic characteristics of the natural annual runoff, the results showed that the average period of annual runoff change have multi-scale periods such as 35.5 a, 22.2 a, 16.8 a, 12.2 a, 9.3 a and 3.3 a. It will be able to calculate the influence degree of the natural runoff change because of human activities such as building a reservoir, building a dam that silting land for developing farmland, etc.

Key words: annual runoff, abrupt change point, periodic characteristics, the Wudinghe River, the Middle Yellow River

中图分类号:

P333

张健, 李同昇, 张俊辉, 徐象平. 1933~2012年无定河径流突变与周期特征诊断[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(3): 475-480.

Jian Zhang, Tongsheng Li, Junhui Zhang, Xiangping Xu. The Runoff Abrupt Change and Periodic Characteristics of the Wudinghe River During 1933-2012[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(3): 475-480.

图/表 4

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1933~2012年无定河径流突变与周期特征诊断

The Runoff Abrupt Change and Periodic Characteristics of the Wudinghe River During 1933-2012

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