地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 621-627.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.04.017

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基于单位汇水面积的地形因子特征评价

胡刚1,2(), 宋慧1, 石星军3   

  1. 1.青岛大学旅游与地理科学学院,山东 青岛 266071
    2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京100101
    3.青岛大学物理科学学院,山东 青岛 266071
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-24 修回日期:2014-08-30 出版日期:2016-07-21 发布日期:2016-07-21
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：胡刚（1976-）,男,山东滨州人,博士,主要从事土壤侵蚀、环境演变、水土资源利用与3S应用研究。E-mail：geo_hug@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目（41173094）和中国科学院陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室基金（2013A002）资助;National Nature Sciences Foundation of China (41173094) and Open Foundation from Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, CAS(2013A002)

Evaluation of Topography Factors Based on the Unit Contributing Catchment Area

Gang Hu1,2(), Hui Song1, Xingjun Shi3   

  1. 1. School of Fourism and Geographical Sciences, Qingdao 266071,Shandong, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    3. College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071,Shandong, China
  • Received:2014-05-24 Revised:2014-08-30 Online:2016-07-21 Published:2016-07-21

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被引次数

5 | 4

摘要：

探讨了典型黑土区基于单位汇水面积的LS因子算法与传统基于径流路径长度算法的差异。研究表明,在研究区坡长坡缓的地形条件下,基于单位汇水面积的LS因子算法值普遍要大于基于径流路径长度算法的LS因子值;在有限的坡度范围内,不同算法的坡度因子相差不大,与之相比,不同算法的坡长因子值差别明显,特别是对于坡长指数采用定值的Govers算法更是如此。这说明在研究区坡长坡缓的地形条件下,坡长因子对LS因子算法的响应更为敏感。同时,侵蚀机理分析得出,坡长因子指数采用与坡度有关的变值更为合理,特别是在采用DEM进行大范围土壤侵蚀量预测时更应如此。

关键词: 地形因子, 单位汇水面积, 特征评价, 土壤侵蚀模型

Abstract:

Topography factor is one of the main components for soil loss prediction in soil erosion model. Here topography factor includes slope length factor and slope gradient factor, which have been the emphasis and difficulty in related research. Although many of LS factor algorithms have been proposed in literatures, it is not yet clear for the differences between them. In this article, L factor is calculated based on the algorithm of Desmet,which evolved from the unit contributing catchment area. With S factor value calculated based on different algorithms, LS factors are presented, which are called the kind of LS factor from unit contributing catchment area. Then they are compared with the LS factor from modified AML program of Remortel. The AML program is designed to calculate the L factor based on the grid cumulative length in the runoff path. When compared to the LS factor value from modified AML program, the method of unit contributing catchment area yields broadly greater results. In the limited range of slope gradient in the study area, different methods yield similar slope factor values. In contrast, it is obvious for the difference of slope length factor from different algorithms. This is especially true for the algorithms of Govers, in which the slope length index is constant value. This indicated that with the condition of long slope length and low slope gradient in study area, different LS algorithms have more influence on the slope length factor. Meanwhile, through the analysis of soil erosion mechanism, we concluded that it’s more reasonable for the slope length factor index to use variable values related to slope gradient. With the introduction of the use of DEM in soil erosion prediction, it’s more possible to calculate the soil loss for a wide range of region. However, the calculation is based on cell, which means that the slope gradient is not the same for all cells, e.g. the slope of each cell has a larger range, esp. for the small area with large elevation difference. In this case, it’s especially true for the slope length index values to be variable values related to slope gradient.

Key words: topography factor, unit contributing area, characteristic evaluation, soil erosion model

中图分类号: 

  • S157