关键词: 海洋经济效率, 非期望产出, SBM模型, 时空特征, 中国沿海

Abstract:

We can grasp the marine economic development and existing problems through measuring the marine economy efficiency, which can provide the basis for the marine economy policy. This article is based on consideration of undesirable outputs SBM model, measuring marine economic efficiency value for 11 coastal provinces during 2001 to 2012 and analyzing its spatio-temporal characteristics. Research shows that: 1) The marine economic efficiency value of inconsideration of undesirable output is obviously higher than the one of consideration of undesirable output, which turns out that undesirable output has a significant effect on marine economic efficiency and more accord with the fact. 2) The evolution of marine economic efficiency divided into two stages since 2001, declining with a fluctuant process stage (2001-2008) and rising slowly stage (2009-2012), which presenting the inefficiency is changing to effective state, but still in a low level. The regional disparity shrank at first and then expanded. 3) From the spatial distribution, in 2001, the initial stage in the tenth Five-Year Plan, the spatial pattern of marine economic efficiency shows the characteristics that the efficiency of the northern and southern is high, and the middle area is low, while in 2012, the spatial pattern shows the three pole. The inter-provincial variation of marine economic efficiency varied from province to province. Hainan was high stable level while Guangdong and Fujian were ascending to the high level. Guangxi, Hebei are in the low and descending level, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang belonged to the low but ascending type, while Jiangsu to the low stable type. In order to explain the influence mechanism of marine economic efficiency, this article explains the influence factors from four aspects. From the element level, the marine and land economic base, the national marine policy, the market mechanism and inter-regional economic relations influence the marine economic efficiency by influence the production organization activities of marine enterprise. From the driving fore level, to gain more profit and enhance market competitiveness, the marine enterprises improve their production efficiency, and the introduction of technology, the inter-regional spillover of efficiency and the local government policy can also improve the efficiency. From the path and effect level, the upgrade of marine industry, the expansion of industrial scale, the improvement of technology and management methods can improve the marine economic efficiency. The improvement of marine economic efficiency can form the feedback mechanism affecting the competitiveness of enterprise, industrial upgrading and the marine and land economic development. Finally, this article put forward some recommendations to improve the marine economic efficiency.

Key words: marine economic efficiency, undesirable outputs, SBM model, spatio-temporal characteristics, Chinese coast