农村居民点耕作距离空间分布特征估测分析

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.05.014

地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 760-765.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.05.014

农村居民点耕作距离空间分布特征估测分析

赵元^1,^2,³, 胡月明^1,^3,^4,⁵(), 张新长², 王璐^1,^3,⁵, 陈飞香^1,^3,⁵, 赵之重⁴

1. 华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州 510542
2.中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州 510275
3. 国土资源部建设用地再开发重点实验室/广东省土地利用与整治重点实验室/广东省土地信息工程技术研究中心,广东广州 510642
4. 青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁 810016
5. 广州市测绘地理信息行业工程中心,广东广州 510642

收稿日期:2015-02-28 修回日期:2015-06-04 出版日期:2016-07-20 发布日期:2016-07-20
作者简介:
作者简介：赵元(1977-),男,江苏徐州人,博士,副研究员,主要从事地理信息建模研究。E-mail：giszy@163.com
基金资助:
广东省科技计划项目（2013A061402012, 2014B020206002）资助

Spatial Pattern of Farming Distance in Rural Area Using ESDA

Yuan Zhao^1,^2,³, Yueming Hu^1,^3,^4,⁵(), Xinchang Zhang², Lu Wang^1,^3,⁵, Feixiang Chen^1,^3,⁵, Zhizhong Zhao⁴

1. Colledge of Natural Resources and Environment of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
2. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
3. Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Land and Resources for Construction Land Transformation & Guangdong Province/Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation & Guangdong Province/Land Information Engineering Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
4. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
5.Guangzhou Geoinfomation Engineering Research Cente, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China

Received:2015-02-28 Revised:2015-06-04 Online:2016-07-20 Published:2016-07-20
Supported by:
Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Project (2013A061402012, 2014B020206002)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)思想,提出一种耕作距离空间估测方法,定量分析农村居民点耕作距离的分布格局与分异特征。以广东省阳山县为案例,研究表明：① 耕作距离与耕地质量及地形等别存在一定的相关性,耕作半径愈小,地形愈低平的地区,居民点与较优的耕地愈集中;② 耕作距离在空间上呈现不均衡状态,随着距离尺度的增加,耕作距离的变化由低值聚类转为高值聚类状态,表明研究区耕地格局随耕作距离尺度上升变得更加分散;③ 估测方法考虑了农村居民点与耕地之间的关系,可以有效分析耕地与居民点之间的空间分布随耕作距离变化的规律,对农村居民点调整、高标准农田建设等工作的合理开展具有参照和一定指导意义。

关键词: 农村居民点, 土地资源, 耕作距离, 探索性空间数据分析

Abstract:

On the background of the increase of population and the decrease of arable land, how to improve efficiency and quality of farmland use is an important issue in China. We noticed that the administrative villager council as the unique legitimate and formal institution in countryside and the cultivators is restricted in their administrative village. To some extent, the cultivators' activity in the rural area are bound to their contracted land within a certain farming distance. However, the ideas on how to estimate the effect on spatial patters by the farming radius are vague in recent studies because the analysis on the relationship between rural settlements and arable land is qualitative and patial. To compare and evaluate the spatial pattern of cultivated land, we proposed a mothod to estimate the spatial distribution of the farming distance between settlements and farmland using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and the local indicator of spatial association (LISA). The study area is the Yangshan County located in the northwest Guangdong Province, which is one of the most representative county in the traditional mountain farming district. By this method, we found that the average farming distance changed more quickly than the coverage rate did with the increase of the coverage rate. When the coverage was up to 90%, the average distance increased up to 570 m, and the coverage was up to 100%, the average distance of the eincreased to 1 134 m. In other words, it is equivalent to the distance required to complete 90% of the cultivated land if the cultivators want to completely use 10% of the rest cultivated land with the greater distance. Simultaneously, we found the variation of farming distance in the study area was more accurately according to LISA statistical method. The result showed that: 1) The farming distance was affected by many factors such as quality of arable land and level of terain, and there is a stronger correlation between farming distanc and quality of arable land and level of terain. 2) The spatial distribution of farming distance was nonuniform and the changes from low clustering value to a high value of farming distance indicated that the pattern of arable land in the study area became more decentralized with the increase of the distance scale. 3) the proposed method can expose the spatial differentiation of farming distance in the whole region using exploratory spatial data analysis and it is particularly useful to guide the formulation of public policies for adjustment of rural residential area and the construction of high standard farmland.

Key words: rural settlements, land resources, farming distance, ESDA

中图分类号:

P208

赵元, 胡月明, 张新长, 王璐, 陈飞香, 赵之重. 农村居民点耕作距离空间分布特征估测分析[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(5): 760-765.

Yuan Zhao, Yueming Hu, Xinchang Zhang, Lu Wang, Feixiang Chen, Zhizhong Zhao. Spatial Pattern of Farming Distance in Rural Area Using ESDA[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(5): 760-765.

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耕作距离	9等			10等		11等			12等			13等			总计
耕作距离	面积（×10³hm²）		比例（%）		面积（×10³hm²）	比例（%）		面积（×10³hm²）		比例（%）	面积（×10³hm²）	比例（%）	面积（×10³hm²）	比例（%）	面积（×10³hm²）
0~300 m	1.37	6.50		1.44	10.15	0.05	1.08		3.17	22.12		0.79	27.13		6.81
301~570 m	9.30	44.23		7.06	49.85	1.37	30.59		6.64	46.33		1.15	39.68		25.50
570~870 m	8.50	40.42		4.32	30.48	2.70	60.16		3.30	23.07		0.71	24.62		19.50
870 m以上	1.86	8.84		1.35	9.52	0.37	8.17		1.22	8.48		0.25	8.58		5.040
总计	21.00	100.00		14.20	100.00	4.49	100.00		14.30	100.00		2.90	100.00		56.90

农村居民点耕作距离空间分布特征估测分析

Spatial Pattern of Farming Distance in Rural Area Using ESDA

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