地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 1212-1218.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.08.012
靳英华1(), 许嘉巍1(
), 刘丽娜1, 贺红士1, 陶岩1, 宗盛伟1, 杜海波1, 王雷1, 朱瑞帅1
收稿日期:
2015-10-16
修回日期:
2015-12-23
出版日期:
2016-08-20
发布日期:
2016-08-20
作者简介:
作者简介:靳英华(1968-),女,博士,副教授,主要从事自然地理学研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Yinghua Jin1(), Jiawei Xu1(
), Lina Liu1, Hongshi He1, Yan Tao1, Shengwei Zong1, Haibo Du1, Lei Wang1, Ruishuai Zhu1
Received:
2015-10-16
Revised:
2015-12-23
Online:
2016-08-20
Published:
2016-08-20
Supported by:
摘要:
通过开展植被样方调查,确定苔原带的主要优势种,分析优势种的分布格局及其关联性,从地理角度分析长白山苔原带植被变化特征。研究表明:① 长白山苔原带8个优势种中,草本植物已占6个。灌木中牛皮杜鹃(Rhododendron chrysanthum)依然为最主要的优势种,但笃斯越橘(Vaccinium uliginosum)的优势地位已被草本的小白花地榆(Sanguisorba parviflora)取代。草本植物聚集程度强,苔原植被存在草甸化趋势。② 除牛皮杜鹃与大白花地榆(Sanguisorba stipulata)之间存在较显著的负联结,排它现象明显外,多种优势种之间存在正联结,有弱的伴生现象,牛皮杜鹃和小白花地榆为强正联结,伴生现象更明显,草本植物与灌木伴生将长期存在。③ 各草本植物入侵、定植、扩展机制多样。小白花地榆分布广,聚集程度较弱,以种子繁殖为主,扩展速度较快;大白花地榆、小叶章(Calamagrostis angustifolia)等聚集程度较强,以无性繁殖为主,扩展速度较慢,但竞争能力强,在适宜生境中,能驱除其它物种。
中图分类号:
靳英华, 许嘉巍, 刘丽娜, 贺红士, 陶岩, 宗盛伟, 杜海波, 王雷, 朱瑞帅. 长白山苔原带优势植物种的分布格局及其关联性研究[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(8): 1212-1218.
Yinghua Jin, Jiawei Xu, Lina Liu, Hongshi He, Yan Tao, Shengwei Zong, Haibo Du, Lei Wang, Ruishuai Zhu. Spatial Distribution Pattern and Associations of Dominant Plant Species in the Alpine Tundra of the Changbai Mountains[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(8): 1212-1218.
表3
长白山高山苔原带植物群落各种群重要值"
序号 | 总株数 | 相对密度(RD) | 相对盖度(RC) | 相对频度(RF) | 重要值(IV) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 牛皮杜鹃 | 7028 | 30.12 | 24.08 | 7.48 | 20.56 |
2 | 大白花地榆 | 2281 | 9.78 | 11.57 | 5.30 | 8.88 |
3 | 小白花地榆 | 2583 | 11.07 | 7.21 | 7.48 | 8.59 |
4 | 小叶章 | 1872 | 8.02 | 8.30 | 3.95 | 6.76 |
5 | 单花橐吾 | 1080 | 4.63 | 4.83 | 4.62 | 4.70 |
6 | 高岭风毛菊 | 747 | 3.20 | 3.18 | 5.04 | 3.81 |
7 | 笃斯越橘 | 635 | 2.72 | 5.63 | 2.52 | 3.62 |
8 | 长白老鹳草 | 661 | 2.83 | 2.08 | 4.29 | 3.07 |
表5
优势种群种间关联的λ2值测定矩阵表"
牛皮杜鹃 | 大白花地榆 | 小白花地榆 | 小叶章 | 单花橐吾 | 高岭风毛菊 | 笃斯越橘 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
大白花地榆 | 27.009 - | ||||||
小白花地榆 | 65.362 + | 27.525 - | |||||
小叶章 | 1.877 - | 9.765 + | 1.608 - | ||||
单花橐吾 | 8.161 + | 25.369 + | 7.040 - | 0.191 + | |||
高岭风毛菊 | 19.166 + | 35.965 - | 21.018 + | 14.582 - | 7.071- | ||
笃斯越橘 | 5.460+ | 33.015 - | 6.819 + | 0.896 - | 25.557 - | 5.982 + | |
长白老鹳草 | 3.804 + | 1.889 - | 8.945 + | 0.015 + | 0.054 + | 13.720 + | 0.002 + |
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