地理科学

地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 1522-1530.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.10.009

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基于环境因素约束的农户土地利用效率及影响因素分析 ——以河南省粮食生产核心区为例

梁流涛1,2(), 翟彬1, 樊鹏飞1   

  1. 1.河南大学环境与规划学院,河南 开封 475004
    2.河南大学黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,河南 开封 475004
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-14 修回日期:2016-03-05 出版日期:2016-10-20 发布日期:2020-09-07
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：梁流涛（1981-）,男,河南杞县人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为资源经济与环境经济。E-mail:ltliang@henu.edu.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41301641)、教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(11YJC790095)、国家自然科学基金项目（41501135）资助

Household Land Use Efficiency Based on Environment Factor and Its Influence Factors：A Case of Grain Production Core Areas in Henan Province

Liang Liutao1,2(), Zhai Bin1, Fan Pengfei1   

  1. 1. College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
  • Received:2015-12-14 Revised:2016-03-05 Online:2016-10-20 Published:2020-09-07
  • Supported by:
    National Nature Sciences Foundation of China(41301641)、Ministry of Education Humanistic Social Research project(11YJC790095)、National Nature Sciences Foundation of China(41501135)

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摘要：

在农户土地利用引起的环境问题日益严重的背景下,如果农户土地利用效率的测度只考虑“好”产出,而忽略“非意欲”的环境产出,可能造成测度结果不准确。因此,将“非意欲”产出引入农户土地利用效率评价模型,利用河南省粮食生产核心区农户抽样调查数据测度环境因素约束下的农户土地利用效率,并探讨其效率状况及影响因素。主要的结论如下：① 调查区域环境因素约束下的农户土地利用效率平均值仅为0.612,效率值总体不高,有较大的提升空间。不同规模农户的土地利用效率差异较大,二者呈现“U型”变化趋势。② 环境因素约束下的农户土地利用效率的影响因素来自多个方面。其中,农户生计方式兼业化在一定程度上降低了环境约束下的农户土地利用效率;种植结构调整虽然能够增加农户农业收入,但不利于环境因素约束下的农户土地利用效率的提升;农地经营规模扩大对环境约束下的农户土地利用效率产生正面影响,但现实中普遍存在的小规模化经营和土地细碎化消减了正面影响。土地产权的稳定性能够提升环境约束下的农户土地利用效率,但无论是集体土地产权还是承包经营权以及农户间非正式的土地流转产权关系稳定性较差,不利于环境约束下的农户土地利用效率的提高。

关键词: 农户土地利用效率, 环境因素约束, 方向性距离函数, 粮食生产核心区

Abstract:

The problem of agricultural environment is closely related to the land use of the household, and it is derived from the household’s land use behavior. Under the background of the increasingly serious environmental problems caused by the household’s land use, the measure of household land use efficiency which only considering the ‘good’ output, but ignoring the ‘non-intended’ environmental output, may result in inaccurate measurement. Therefore, this article will introduce the ‘non-intended’ environmental output into the evaluation model of household land use efficiency, based on household survey data of the core area of ??food production in Henan Province, make use of directional distance function model to measure household land use efficiency which considering environmental factors, and lastly explored household land use efficiency condition and its influencing factors. The main findings are: 1）the average household land use efficiency which base on environmental factors of Henan Province was 0.612, indicating that in considering environmental factors, the actual output of household land use accounted for optimal output, compared with only 61.2%. More than half of households efficiency values are under 0.6. It can be seen that the efficiency of the value is not high, there is enormous room for growth. Household land use efficiency of different scale household are with great differences, they presenting ‘U-type’ trend. The number of households in the middle land scale is the largest, and the proportion is 44.15%, but the average value of the land use efficiency is the smallest, which shows the potential threat to the current land use and so on. 2) The empirical results show that affecting factors of household land use efficiency considering environmental factors are multifaceted, such as the farm household characteristics (age of household head, education and labor force), household livelihoods, planting structure, household production scale, the degree of fragmentation of agricultural commercialization. Among them, the household livelihoods of concurrent business can reduce the household land use efficiency in a certain extent. Although the adjustment of planting structure can increase the household’s agricultural income, but it is not conducive to the improvement of household land use efficiency which under the constraints of environmental factors. Expanding household agricultural land scale has a positive impact on household land use efficiency, but in reality small-scale land and fragmentation land are widespread exist,which reduced the positive impact. The stability of land property rights can improve household land use efficiency which under the environment factors, but whether the collective land property rights or the right of contract management, and the informal land transfer among the farmers,the property right relationship is poor, and this is not conducive to improve household land use efficiency which under the constraints of environmental factors.

Key words: household land use efficiency, constraints of environmental factors, directional distance function model, grain production core areas

中图分类号: 

  • F311