沈阳都市圈的范围及城镇空间分布的分形研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.11.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

科学界定都市圈范围是研究都市圈的基础,采用2014年沈阳市及周边市县镇乡社会经济统计数据,采用断裂点和经济隶属度模型,界定沈阳都市圈范围。用经济隶属度指标划分城镇体系。用分形理论分析沈阳都市圈城镇的空间分布特征,结果为：集聚维数、容量维数、信息维数和关系维数分别为1.430 1、1.294 1、1.473 5和0.393 8,说明沈阳都市圈城镇空间向心性集聚分布较为显著,城镇空间分布的均衡性较好,城镇空间分布具有较强的相关性,形成了以沈阳市为中心呈凝聚态分布的都市圈城镇空间结构,城镇间联系较为紧密,相互作用较强。进而提出沈阳都市圈城镇空间分布优化的对策。

关键词: 空间结构, 城镇空间分布, 分形特征, 沈阳都市圈

Abstract:

：Metropolitan area is a developing stage of the urbanization of modern metropolis which is a kind of organization spatial form of metropolitan area. Defining metropolitan area spatial scale scientifically is the fundamental of researching on metropolitan region reasonably. This article is based on the villages and towns’ statistical data of Shenyang Metropolitan Area in 2014, referring to the domestic and foreign urban metropolitan area related definition method, using breaking-point theory and economic membership degree model, taking villages and towns as defining unit, using the economic distance, urban field intensity, the intensity of economic links and membership degree index to calculate and determine the geographic area and spatial structure of Shenyang Metropolitan Area from the perspective of daily life cycle. The results show that: It take Shenyang urban area as the core of Shenyang Metropolitan Area, which is urban compact districts with social economic ties of neighboring villages and towns district area constitute the regional spatially close to each other, the function in collaboration with each other, form the structural, has the integration trend of urban concentration areas. The urban system of Shenyang Metropolitan Area is divided by economic membership index. The urban system of Shenyang Metropolitan Area has non scaling property and has fractal feature. It quantitative analysis the characteristics of centrality, equilibrium and correlation and reflects the distribution of cities and towns of Shenyang Metropolitan Area and its aggregation dimension, capacity dimension, information dimension and correlation dimension are 1.430 1, 1.294 1, 1.473 5 and 0.393 8. It shows that the towns of Shenyang Metropolitan Area have obvious centripetal agglomeration characteristics, cities and towns abounding Shenyang City presenting a cluster state, and performance the law of reducing the density of the central city to the surrounding and the primacy ratio is obvious, Shenyang City effecting on surrounding cities and towns strongly; Towns of Shenyang Metropolitan Area has better spatial distribution and the cities and towns are more concentrated and balanced in the southwest and more concentrated equilibrium distribution in the northwest and southeast; Towns of Shenyang Metropolitan Area has better correlation and urban and transportation networks more developed and have strongly connection and interrelation. The urban spatial structure of Metropolitan Area have formed Shenyang City as the center of the urban circle of urban spatial structure. Shenyang Metropolitan Area is still in the stage of low level polarization and some suggestions on how to optimize urban spatial distribution of Shenyang Metropolitan Area are proposed. The definition of geographic area of Shenyang Metropolitan Area which provides a theoretical method and reference basis of Shenyang City play a leading role in the process of regional economic development in further.

Key words: spatial structure, urban spatial distribution, fractal characteristic, Shenyang Metropolitan Area

中图分类号:

K921/927

闫广华. 沈阳都市圈的范围及城镇空间分布的分形研究[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(11): 1736-1742.

Guanghua Yan. Geographic Area and Fractal Study of Towns Spatial Distribution of Shenyang Metropolitan Area[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(11): 1736-1742.

图/表 4

图1

表1

表2

表3

城镇分布的重心距离r与平均半径Rs"

城市	$S$	$r$	$R s$	城镇	$S$	$r$	$R s$	城镇	$S$	$r$	$R s$	城镇	$S$	$r$	$R s$
沈阳市	1	0	0	铧子镇	44	53	34	蔡牛镇	86	74	54.60	柳屯镇	90	80	55
…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…	…

表3

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县市区	具体城镇
沈阳市区	和平区、沈河区、铁西区、大东区、皇姑区、浑南新区、于洪区、苏家屯区、沈北新区
新民市	胡台镇、法哈牛镇、兴隆堡镇、新民城区、兴隆镇、罗家房乡、大民屯镇、三道岗子乡、张家屯乡、前当堡镇、公主屯镇、东蛇山子乡、大柳屯镇、柳河沟镇、梁山镇、金五台乡、陶家屯乡、高台子乡
辽中县	辽中镇、茨榆坨镇、杨士岗镇、新民屯镇、长滩镇、冷子堡镇、刘二堡镇、四方台镇、肖寨门镇、潘家堡镇、六间房镇、养士堡镇、满都户镇、城郊镇
法库县	三面船镇、依牛堡子镇、秀水河子镇、大孤家子镇、十间房镇、丁家房镇、登仕堡子镇、冯贝堡镇
抚顺市各区	望花、新抚、东洲城区、顺城城区、李石街道、塔峪镇、河北乡、东洲街道、千金乡、碾盘乡、前甸镇、会元乡、拉古满族乡、石文镇、章党镇、海浪乡、上马乡、哈达镇、救兵乡、峡河乡
溪湖区	石桥子街道、歪头山镇、溪湖城区、张其寨乡、火连寨镇
灯塔市	灯塔城区、大河南镇、铧子镇、柳河子镇、柳条寨镇、沈旦堡镇、佟二堡镇、五星镇、西马峰镇、罗大台镇、西大窑镇、王家镇、张台子镇
铁岭县	新台子镇、凡河镇、腰堡镇、李千户镇、阿吉镇、横道河乡、蔡牛镇、镇西堡镇、熊官屯乡、平顶堡镇