地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 1860-1869.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.12.011
收稿日期:
2015-11-06
修回日期:
2016-08-15
出版日期:
2016-12-20
发布日期:
2016-12-20
作者简介:
作者简介:刘贺贺(1987-),男,内蒙古锡盟人,博士,主要研究方向为经济地理、城市与区域发展。E-mail:
基金资助:
Hehe Liu1,2(), Qingshan Yang2,3(
), Yu Zhang2,3
Received:
2015-11-06
Revised:
2016-08-15
Online:
2016-12-20
Published:
2016-12-20
Supported by:
摘要:
以2003~2012年东北地区34个地级市数据为基础①(① 本文提及的地级市包括哈尔滨、长春、沈阳和大连4个副省级城市。),通过构建城镇化指数、生态环境压力指数,分析东北地区的城镇化发展及生态环境压力发展的时空演变特征,测度东北地区城镇化与生态环境的脱钩指数,判断其城镇化与生态环境的脱钩关系并探讨其发生变化的影响因素。结果表明:① 生态环境压力是城镇化累积作用的结果,呈现出一定的时空滞后效应;② 近10 a来,东北地区的城市发展经历了城镇化与生态环境由脱钩状态为主体向脱钩状态与负脱钩状态并举的演变过程,城市个体城镇化对生态环境效应的稳定性差;③ 投资驱动、资源型经济、生态环境倒逼和创新转型驱动等是东北地区城镇化对生态环境产生脱钩差异的根本原因。资源型经济和投资驱动是城镇化对生态环境产生压力的主要动因;生态环境倒逼和创新转型发展是摆脱城镇化对生态环境压力的关键动力。
中图分类号:
刘贺贺, 杨青山, 张郁. 东北地区城镇化与生态环境的脱钩分析[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(12): 1860-1869.
Hehe Liu, Qingshan Yang, Yu Zhang. Urbanization and Ecological Environment Effect in Northeast China Based on Decoupling Analysis[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2016, 36(12): 1860-1869.
表2
城镇化与生态环境脱钩程度判断标准"
脱钩 程度 | 脱钩(De-coupling) | 连接(Inter-linking) | 负脱钩(Re-coupling) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
强脱钩 (DC-I) | 弱脱钩 (DC-II) | 衰退性脱钩 (DC-III) | 衰退性连接 (IL-I) | 扩张性连接 (IL-II) | 扩张性负脱钩(RC-I) | 弱负脱钩 (RC-II) | 强负脱钩 (RC-III) | |||
ΔUIt | ΔUIt>0 | ΔUIt>0 | ΔUIt<0 | ΔUIt<0 | ΔUIt>0 | ΔUIt>0 | ΔUIt<0 | ΔUIt<0 | ||
ΔEEPIt | ΔEEPIt<0 | ΔEEPIt>0 | ΔEEPIt<0 | ΔEEPIt<0 | ΔEEPIt>0 | ΔEEPIt>0 | ΔEEPIt<0 | ΔEEPIt>0 | ||
ESt | ESt<0 | 0<ESt<0.8 | ESt>1.2 | 0.8<ESt<1.2 | 0.8<ESt<1.2 | ESt>1.2 | 0<ESt<0.8 | ESt<0 |
表3
东北地区地级市城镇化与生态环境压力的脱钩程度"
城市/指标 | T1(2003~2007年) | T2(2008~2012年) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
△UI | △EEPI | ES | 状态 | △UI | △EEPI | ES | 状态 | ||
沈阳市 | 0.203 | 0.049 | 0.240 | 弱脱钩 | -0.053 | 0.051 | -0.962 | 强负脱钩 | |
大连市 | 0.155 | 0.171 | 1.104 | 扩张性连接 | -0.009 | -0.028 | 3.295 | 衰退性脱钩 | |
鞍山市 | 0.158 | 0.185 | 1.167 | 扩张性连接 | -0.088 | -0.150 | 1.706 | 衰退性脱钩 | |
抚顺市 | 0.123 | 0.228 | 1.854 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 0.035 | 0.118 | 3.386 | 扩张性负脱钩 | |
本溪市 | 0.142 | 0.412 | 2.892 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 0.060 | 0.243 | 4.023 | 扩张性负脱钩 | |
丹东市 | 0.144 | 0.148 | 1.033 | 扩张性连接 | 0.040 | -0.098 | -2.424 | 强脱钩 | |
锦州市 | 0.075 | 0.079 | 1.046 | 扩张性连接 | 0.014 | 0.077 | 5.603 | 扩张性负脱钩 | |
营口市 | 0.332 | -0.002 | -0.007 | 强脱钩 | 0.005 | 0.188 | 35.496 | 扩张性负脱钩 | |
阜新市 | 0.175 | -0.283 | -1.617 | 强脱钩 | 0.065 | -0.227 | -3.514 | 强脱钩 | |
辽阳市 | 0.194 | 0.259 | 1.334 | 扩张性负脱钩 | -0.042 | -0.328 | 7.812 | 衰退性脱钩 | |
盘锦市 | 0.030 | 0.149 | 4.966 | 扩张性负脱钩 | -0.080 | -0.031 | 0.390 | 弱负脱钩 | |
铁岭市 | 0.346 | 0.378 | 1.092 | 扩张性连接 | -0.152 | 0.105 | -0.696 | 强负脱钩 | |
朝阳市 | 0.014 | 0.095 | 6.800 | 扩张性负脱钩 | 0.044 | -0.001 | -0.019 | 强脱钩 | |
葫芦岛市 | 0.130 | -0.037 | -0.287 | 强脱钩 | -0.009 | 0.007 | -0.698 | 强负脱钩 | |
长春市 | -0.085 | -0.040 | 0.471 | 弱负脱钩 | -0.044 | -0.047 | 1.060 | 衰退性连接 | |
吉林市 | -0.164 | -0.275 | 1.672 | 衰退性脱钩 | -0.003 | 0.070 | -21.072 | 强负脱钩 | |
四平市 | -0.150 | -0.100 | 0.666 | 弱负脱钩 | -0.006 | 0.066 | -12.026 | 强负脱钩 | |
辽源市 | 0.008 | -0.049 | -6.439 | 强脱钩 | -0.064 | 0.118 | -1.845 | 强负脱钩 | |
通化市 | -0.132 | -0.279 | 2.116 | 衰退性脱钩 | -0.022 | -0.243 | 11.215 | 衰退性脱钩 | |
白山市 | 0.225 | -0.346 | -1.537 | 强脱钩 | -0.216 | 0.827 | -3.822 | 强负脱钩 | |
松原市 | -0.031 | -0.167 | 5.366 | 衰退性脱钩 | -0.064 | -0.007 | 0.115 | 弱负脱钩 | |
白城市 | -0.311 | -0.150 | 0.483 | 弱负脱钩 | 0.014 | -0.014 | -0.964 | 强脱钩 | |
哈尔滨市 | -0.214 | -0.013 | 0.061 | 弱负脱钩 | 0.080 | -0.025 | -0.316 | 强脱钩 | |
齐齐哈尔市 | -0.106 | 0.017 | -0.162 | 强负脱钩 | 0.071 | -0.004 | -0.052 | 强脱钩 | |
鸡西市 | 0.063 | 0.063 | 1.001 | 扩张性连接 | 0.075 | -0.145 | -1.926 | 强脱钩 | |
鹤岗市 | 0.095 | -0.014 | -0.146 | 强脱钩 | 0.062 | 0.032 | 0.516 | 弱脱钩 | |
双鸭山市 | -0.060 | -0.177 | 2.955 | 衰退性脱钩 | 0.293 | -0.017 | -0.057 | 强脱钩 | |
大庆市 | -0.099 | -0.094 | 0.946 | 衰退性连接 | 0.001 | 0.113 | 114.513 | 扩张性负脱钩 | |
伊春市 | 0.174 | 0.010 | 0.057 | 弱脱钩 | 0.084 | -0.013 | -0.154 | 强脱钩 | |
佳木斯市 | -0.086 | 0.192 | -2.238 | 强负脱钩 | 0.080 | 0.260 | 3.269 | 扩张性负脱钩 | |
七台河市 | -0.087 | 0.087 | -1.002 | 强负脱钩 | -0.017 | 0.058 | -3.427 | 强负脱钩 | |
牡丹江市 | -0.136 | 0.056 | -0.408 | 强负脱钩 | -0.035 | -0.118 | 3.342 | 衰退性脱钩 | |
黑河市 | 0.081 | 0.022 | 0.272 | 弱脱钩 | -0.145 | -0.116 | 0.801 | 衰退性连接 | |
绥化市 | 0.190 | 0.019 | 0.099 | 弱脱钩 | -0.037 | -0.045 | 1.235 | 衰退性脱钩 |
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