基于遥感数据的建三江垦区城镇用地扩张时空特征及驱动力分析

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.08.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在RS和GIS的支持下集成多源数据,重建了建三江垦区下辖农场1990年、2000年、2010年和2015年4个时期的城镇用地格局。应用动态度模型等探讨了建三江垦区城镇用地扩张的时空特征及区域差异,分析了其驱动因素。结果表明：① 1990~2015年,建三江垦区城镇用地面积增加了3 237.5 hm²,平均扩张速率为130 hm²/a,扩张速率最显著的阶段是2000~2010年。② 垦区下辖农场城镇用地扩张时空差异明显,建三江管局所在城镇扩张面积最大;浓江农场扩张相对比例最大;动态度模型分析发现二道河农场扩张速度最快,勤得利农场的城镇用地扩张速率最慢,扩张面积最小。③ 建三江垦区以农场为城镇单元的建设用地扩张模式主要为线性轴状扩张。④ 城镇人口数量、经济水平的不断提升、产业结构的优化与区域政策极大地促进了垦区城镇用地的扩张,交通条件是城镇扩张速率和模式的重要影响因素。

关键词: 城镇用地扩张, 时空特征, 遥感, 建三江垦区

Abstract:

Under the background of rapid increase in urban population and economic development, study on the urban expansion and its driving forces is critical to urban planning and achievement of the Chinese new urbanization. The urban system taking farm as basic unit and modern agriculture as mainstay industry suggests the unique urbanization characteristics in reclamation area. By means of RS and GIS and integrating multiple datasets, this study reconstructed the urban patterns of Jiansanjiang reclamation area in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2015. Spatio-temporal characteristics of urban expansion were investigated by employing the dynamic index, and its driving forces were analyzed in this article. Results showed that: 1) Urban area in Jiansanjiang expanded 3 237.5 hm²during 1990-2015, with a mean expansion rate of 130 hm²/a, when the significant expansion was observed in the period of 2000-2010. 2) Urban expansion differed spatially and temporally among these farms managed by Jiansanjiang. The town located by Jiansanjiang authority have the largest urban expansion area, when the Nongjiang farm have the largest expansion percentage. Analyzes of dynamic index reveal that the most rapid urban expansion was observed in Erdaohe farm, while the smallest in Qindeli farm. 3) The dominate urban expansion mode is linear-axis expansion for the farms of Jiansanjiang. 4) Increases of urban population number and social economic level, improvement of industrial structure, and regional policy notably promote the expansion of urban area. Traffic condition is the dominate factor affecting the rate and mode of urban expansion. Study on the spatio-temporal characteristics of urban expansion and its driving forces taking Jiansanjiang as an example could contribute to understand the trend of urban expansion and driving mechanism of reclamation districts in Heilongjiang, and also play an important role in guiding the construction of new urbanization in China.

Key words: urban expansion, spatio-temporal features, remote sensing, Jiansanjiang reclamation area

中图分类号:

K901.8

冯浩城, 杨青山. 基于遥感数据的建三江垦区城镇用地扩张时空特征及驱动力分析[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(8): 1178-1185.

Haocheng Feng, Qingshan Yang. Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Urban Expansion and Its Driving Forces Based Remote Sensing Data in Jiansanjiang Reclamation Area[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2017, 37(8): 1178-1185.

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农场名称	城镇用地面积（hm²）					相对变化率(%)
农场名称	1990年		2000年	2010年	2015年	1990~2000年	2000~2010年	2010~2015年	1990~2015年
建三江管局与七星	945.6	1113.6	1406.8	1511.7		17.8	26.3	7.5	35.7
八五九	240.1	307.5	462.5	489.7		28.1	50.4	5.9	59.3
创业	371.1	442.5	533.9	659.6		19.2	20.7	23.5	49.1
大兴	181.5	214.1	359.1	385.6		18.0	67.7	7.4	80.1
二道河	56.9	124.0	190.8	217.7		117.9	53.9	14.1	75.6
红卫	151.8	186.3	289.7	302.6		22.7	55.5	4.5	62.4
洪河	145.9	209.2	258.4	336.3		43.4	23.5	30.1	60.8
浓江	58.0	94.9	148.0	174.8		63.6	56.0	18.1	84.2
前锋	163.7	257.7	338.1	386.6		57.4	31.2	14.3	50.0
前进	557.4	630.1	917.4	987.5		13.0	45.6	7.6	56.7
前哨	313.0	441.1	535.7	601.4		40.9	21.4	12.3	36.3
勤得利	268.0	301.4	322.1	329.4		12.5	6.9	2.3	9.3
青龙山	108.2	133.5	197.8	230.8		23.4	48.2	16.7	72.9
胜利	173.6	201.2	282.2	293.2		15.9	40.3	3.9	45.7
鸭绿河	103.4	121.9	132.5	168.8		17.9	8.7	27.4	38.5
总计	3838.2	4779.0	6375.0	7075.7		24.5	33.4	11.0	48.1