海岸沙席形态及近表层沉积物粒度对台风的响应

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2017.08.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

依据2014年第10号强台风“麦德姆”登陆前后福建平潭岛典型海岸沙席的形态观测与近表层沉积物粒度数据,综合分析了海岸沙席对台风的响应特征。结果表明：① 海岸沙席形态对“麦德姆”的响应明显,主要表现为沙席前缘高程降低（最大侵蚀深度为0.40 m）,中部变化较小（-0.06~0.09 m）,后缘明显升高（最大堆积厚度为1.62 m）,沙席体积增大2.02%。② 海岸沙席近表层沉积物粒度受“麦德姆”影响较小,其粒度参数在台风前后并无质的等级性变化。③ 海岸沙席的台风响应特征主要因台风过程中大风的非选择性侵蚀和搬运及海岸沙席与海滩沙粒度的相近性所造成的,同时也受到周边地势及植被等的影响。

关键词: 海岸沙席, 台风“, 麦德姆”, 形态变化, 粒度, 平潭岛

Abstract:

Field investigations, including morphology and grain size of the near surface sediment over coastal sand sheet, was conducted at Pingtan Island of Fujian Province before and after the tenth Typhoon “Matmo”landed in 2014. In this article, we analyzed the characteristics of the morphology and grain size of coastal sand sheet responses to typhoon. The results indicated that: 1) The sediment volumes of coastal sand sheet increased 2.02% than before the typhoon “Matmo” landed. Spatially, the main variation of response to typhoon was discovered in the coastal sand sheet. The elevation of beach and frontal coastal sand sheet decreased with the maximum of erosion depth of 0.40 m, few variations of elevation at the middle sites of coastal sand sheet (-0.06 - 0.09 m), and the increase of elevation was found with the maximum accretion of 1.62 m at trailing edge of coastal sand sheet. 2) The grain size parameters have no magnitude variations and the grain size has no significant features of response to Typhoon “Matmo” in the nearsurface sediment of the study area. 3) In the process of the typhoon, the principal factors which influence coastal sand sheet responses to typhoon “Matmo” are the erosion nonselective of strong wind and similarity of grain size of coastal, and the terrain and vegetation around coastal sand sheet also play a role.

Key words: coastal sand sheet, typhoon Matmo, morphologic change, grain size, Pingtan Island

中图分类号:

P931.3

杨林, 董玉祥, 黄德全, 张雪琴, 杜建会. 海岸沙席形态及近表层沉积物粒度对台风的响应[J]. 地理科学, 2017, 37(8): 1243-1250.

Lin Yang, Yuxiang Dong, Dequan Huang, Xueqin Zhang, Jianhui Du. Morphology and Grain Size of the Near Surface Sediment over Coastal Sand Sheet Response to Typhoon[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2017, 37(8): 1243-1250.

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高程变化范围（m）	测点高程变化的平均值（m）	高程降低测点			高程升高测点
高程变化范围（m）	测点高程变化的平均值（m）	测点数		平均值（m）	测点数	平均值（m）
-1.49~1.62	0.14	117	-0.13		95	0.16

采样时间	平均粒径（Φ）			分选系数		偏度			峰度
采样时间	数值范围		平均值		数值范围	平均值	数值范围	平均值	数值范围	平均值
台风登陆前	1.24~2.29	1.68		0.40~0.86	0.53	-0.10~0.24	0.00		0.93~1.81	0.96
台风登陆后	1.21~2.52	1.71		0.40~0.87	0.54	-0.14~0.01	-0.01		0.93~1.00	0.95