跨江发展下杭州市企业迁移空间模式及影响机制

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.01.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于企业微观主体视角,运用UCINET社会网络分析和ROST内容分析法,对杭州市企业迁移的空间模式和区位选择进行探讨,并揭示其影响机制。研究表明：① 杭州市企业迁移分为平缓波动期、低速增长期、大规模迁移期、迁移成熟期4个阶段,与杭州市跨江发展历程基本相契合。② 杭州市企业总体迁出呈中心-外围衰减分散布局模式,迁出地点主要集中于西湖区、下城区及拱墅区,迁出企业主要为制造业,批发零售业等;总体迁入呈中心、外围集聚模式,迁入地主集中于西湖区、余杭区及滨江区,迁入企业主要为信息技术服务业、科学研究和技术服务业。③ 企业的自身属性与外部环境对杭州市企业迁移有着重要影响,企业异质性在很大程度上决定着企业迁移的方向;跨江发展战略中的政府推动、市场运作、企业参与、文化根植等外部因素对企业迁移的空间选择有着极其重要的作用。

关键词: 跨江发展, 企业迁移, UCINET社会网络, ROST, 杭州市

Abstract:

Based on the enterprise’s microcosmic perspective, the paper discussed the spatial pattern and location selection of Hangzhou enterprise migration by using UCINET social network analysis and ROST content analytical method, and revealed its influence mechanism. The research shows that: 1) Hangzhou enterprise migration can be divided into: gently fluctuating period, slow growth period, mass migration period and migration mature period, which are basically consistent with the river-crossing development history in Hangzhou. 2) The general migration of enterprises in Hangzhou has been presented in a dispersed layout of decentralized attenuation. The enterprises in the manufacturing industry and wholesale and retail industry have been mainly moved from the West Lake district, the Xiacheng district and Gongshu district. While the overall immigration has been presented in a central and peripheral agglomeration pattern. The enterprises in the scientific research and technical service industry have been mainly moved in the West Lake district,Yuhang district and Binjiang district. Enterprise migrations in various industries have their own features, forming migration patterns with their own uniqueness. 3) The enterprise's own attributes and external environment have important influences on migration of enterprises in Hangzhou. The enterprise heterogeneity largely determines the direction of enterprise migration. The planning and control, market operation, enterprise participation and cultural root in the river-crossing development strategy have been directly affected spatial selection for enterprise migration, further promoting enterprise migration. The research not only lays a foundation for revealing the process and mechanism of spatial reconstruction for urban development spanning the river, but also provides scientific references for the formulation of urban planning and other related policies.

Key words: river-crossing development, enterprise migration, UCINET social network, ROST, Hangzhou City

中图分类号:

F293.3

李俊峰, 陶世杰, 高凌宇. 跨江发展下杭州市企业迁移空间模式及影响机制[J]. 地理科学, 2018, 38(1): 87-96.

Junfeng Li, Shijie Tao, Lingyu Gao. The Space Model and the Influenc Mechanism of Enterprise Migration Under River-crossing Development in Hangzhou[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2018, 38(1): 87-96.

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影响杭州市企业迁移的主要政府行为"

类型	时间	举措	内容
规划行为	1992	杭州市城市总体规划修编	优化中心城市圈布局,合理分布产业和人口; 优化城市用地结构,重点发展第三产业
	2007	《杭州市城市总体规划（2001-2020）》	“城市东扩、旅游西进、沿江开发”战略
	2016	《杭州市城市总体规划（2001-2020）》（2016年修订）	确定各产业的集聚方向和空间布局框架
政策行为	1996	设立滨江区	提出跨江发展战略
	2002	《杭州市人民政府办公厅关于市区范围内市属工业企业搬迁的若干意见》	提出杭州市内工业企业实施搬迁
	2002	大运河杭州段综合整治与保护开发工程	运河新城范围内商业经营性地块进行产业布局, 形成服务业集聚平台
	2002	《杭州市人民政府办公厅关于杭州市区首批搬迁企业名单的通知》	公布了市区首批迁移企业名单
	2004	《杭州市市区范围工业企业搬迁实施细则》	实施企业搬迁工作
	2005	《关于公布杭州市重点培养特色城镇工业功能区名单的通知》	提升工业水平,促进产业结构升级
	2007	《关于加快中心城区“退二进三”进程,促进城市功能提升和产业结构优化的议案》	为城市发展提供空间,改变城市面貌
	2011	《关于调整失去工业企业搬迁部分补偿标准的通知》	为加快市区企业搬迁步伐,为搬迁企业制定补偿标准
	2012	《加强危化品企业搬迁安全管理工作意见》	让危化品企业搬迁有条不紊进行
投资行为	2004	《杭州市工业企业搬迁专项资金管理办法	鼓励市区内企业实施搬迁,降低搬迁成本,促进企业快速健康发展
投资行为	2005	《杭州市人民政府办公厅关于杭州市区部分企业搬迁设计社会保险关系问题的若干意见》	充分考虑企业职工利益,进一步加快企业搬迁进度,维护社会稳定

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行业	制造业	批发零售业	信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业	科学研究和技术服务业	居民服务和修理服务业	其他	合计
数量（个）	282	227	97	56	53	46	761
比重（%）	33.50	29.83	12.75	7.36	6.96	6.05	100

主类目	次类目	频次	百分比（%）		主类目	次类目	频次	百分比（%）
政府推动	环境管理	37	22.98	103.72	文化根植	领导者情感倾向	5	3.11	5.59
	规划调控	64	39.75			企业家精神	3	1.86
	旧城改造	26	16.15			地缘文化	1	0.62
	区域合作	4	2.48		企业异质性	企业规模	5	3.11	16.17
	基础设施	25	15.53			企业行业分类	18	11.2
	配套设施	11	6.83			组织方式	3	1.86
企业参与	技术改造	15	9.32	26.09	市场运作	技术与人才	13	8.07	22.36
	企业合作	13	8.07			土地、原料和劳动力成本	10	6.21
	品牌提升	5	3.11			市场需求	6	3.73
	兼并与改制	4	2.48			开拓市场	7	4.35
	安全生产	5	3.11