关键词: 人类福祉, 生态效率, SBM模型, 全要素生产率及其分解指数

Abstract:

In today’s development of the concept of "people-oriented", it is not only the pursuit of resources, economy and environment sustainable development, but also human sustainable development. Therefore, the ecological efficiency can not only reflect the resources, economy, environment coordination, and it’s better to pursue the sustainable development of people, resources, economy and environment. The sustainable development of human beings is aimed at improving the human well-being and enhancing the happiness of people. Improving people’s livelihood and well-being is the basic starting point and goal of regional economic and social development in China. Therefore, based on the the concept of "people-oriented", we construct human well-being index, which reflects the livelihood and happiness of people, and integrate it into the evaluation system of Eco-efficiency. In order to reflect the ecological efficiency of our country from four aspects of resources, economy, environment and human well-being. Therefore, from the perspective of human well-being, the evaluation index of human well-being will be integrated into the measurement and evaluation of ecological efficiency in China, which can fully understand the changes of ecological efficiency and the statue of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of resources, economy, environment and human in China. We measure the ecological efficiency from year 2000 to 2015 based on non radial and non angle SBM model in China, analyzing temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecological efficiency in China, and studying its driving factors. The main results are summarized as follows: In 2000-2015, the ecological efficiency of China has been rising slowly and fluctuating, but the overall level is still at a moderate leve. There is a lot of space for improving ecological efficiency. The high value areas of ecological efficiency are mainly concentrated in the East and the West. The ecological efficiency is relatively low in the middle of the region, so the ecological efficiency of the central region needs to be further promoted. In addition to Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shandong, and Hainan, the rest of the region needs to adjust the mix ratio to improve ecological efficiency. Human well-being has become the first factor in restricting ecological efficiency in some areas. Therefore, human well-being can not be ignored for the promotion of ecological efficiency. The total factor productivity, the change index of technological progress and the pure technical efficiency index of ecological efficiency all show characteristics of fluctuations in the slowly rising, and the scale efficiency change index show a downward trend. The total factor productivity of Sichuan increases entirely due to scale efficiency, and technological progress has a positive impact on other areas excepting Sichuan.

Key words: human well-being, ecological efficiency, SBM model, total factor productivity and its decomposition index