地理科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 1715-1723.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.10.016
收稿日期:
2017-12-23
修回日期:
2018-07-17
出版日期:
2018-12-12
发布日期:
2018-12-12
作者简介:
作者简介:黄群芳(1979-),女,湖南益阳人,博士,主要从事城市热岛效应与城市宜居研究。E-mail:
基金资助:
Received:
2017-12-23
Revised:
2018-07-17
Online:
2018-12-12
Published:
2018-12-12
Supported by:
摘要:
选择北京地区为研究区,基于1967~2016年城市站(北京站)和城郊农村站(密云站)的长期气象观测数据,研究平均气温、最高气温、最低气温对应的城市热岛强度长期变化特征及其气候学影响机制。研究发现,过去50 a平均气温和最低气温对应的城市热岛强度显著增加,增温率分别为0.29℃/10a和0.45℃/10a,而最高气温对应的城市热岛强度则没有明显变化趋势;统计分析显示过去50 a北京地区相对湿度、风速和日照时数显著降低以及气温显著上升有利于城市热岛的形成,强化城市热岛强度;未来全球变暖和快速城市化背景下北京地区城市热岛效应将进一步加剧,形成更频繁和持续时间更长的夏季城市高温热浪,严重危及城市居民生产生活和生命健康。
中图分类号:
黄群芳, 陆玉麒. 北京地区城市热岛强度长期变化特征及气候学影响机制[J]. 地理科学, 2018, 38(10): 1715-1723.
Qunfang Huang, Yuqi Lu. Long-term Trend of Urban Heat Island Intensity and Climatological Affecting Mechanism in Bejing City[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2018, 38(10): 1715-1723.
表1
城市热岛强度与城区北京站主要气象要素间的线性相关决定系数和显著性水平"
降水 | 日照时数 | 平均风速 | 最大风速 | 平均气温 | 最高气温 | 最低气温 | 平均相对湿度 | 平均气压 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
平均温热岛强度 | r2 | 0.001 | 0.287 | 0.521 | 0.572 | 0.591 | 0.323 | 0.689 | 0.725 | 0.172 |
P | 0.824 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.003 | |
最高温热岛强度 | r2 | 0.047 | 0.030 | 0.077 | 0.008 | 0.027 | 0.023 | 0.032 | 0.197 | 0.375 |
P | 0.129 | 0.244 | 0.052 | 0.542 | 0.259 | 0.292 | 0.215 | 0.001 | 0.000 | |
最低温热岛强度 | r2 | 0.001 | 0.310 | 0.484 | 0.569 | 0.579 | 0.303 | 0.690 | 0.703 | 0.139 |
P | 0.859 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.008 |
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