枢纽机场的航班波体系结构及其喂给航线的空间格局研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2018.11.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于航班波的概念,提出了航班波识别的技术流程和喂给航线的研究方法,并对全国十大枢纽机场的航班波体系进行了研究与甄别。在此基础上,进一步分析了拥有明显航班波体系的枢纽机场的喂给航线空间格局演化。研究发现：① 北京首都、上海浦东、广州白云和昆明长水机场拥有较为明显的航班波体系;成都双流、深圳宝安、西安咸阳机场的航班波体系尚不清晰。②首位航空公司拥有足够的航班数量是机场构建航班波的必要但非充分条件,时刻资源的优化配置更为关键。③北京首都、上海浦东和广州白云三大枢纽机场的国际喂给航线和国内喂给航线在空间上存在显著的差异,且总体上与地理临近性无关,更多地与首位航空公司的航线网络扩张相关。

关键词: 航班波, 航班波体系, 枢纽机场, 喂给航线, 时刻资源

Abstract:

It is important for airport hubs to establish wave-system structures in optimizing scheduling and enhancing operational efficiency so that airport hubs can significantly increase the number of passengers and intensify flight connectivity. Hence, this article proposed a research method that can be employed in the study of wave-system structures. With the research method, we surveyed wave-system structure for top 10 airports. This article then investigated spatial patterns of possible indirect connections for airport hubs whose wave-system structures were explicit. Some conclusions can be summarized. First, Capital Airport (Beijing), Pudong Airport (Shanghai), Baiyun Airport (Guangzhou) and Changshui Airport (Kunming) have adopted clear wave-system structures. But wave-system structures of Shuangliu Airport (Chengdu), Baoan Airport (Shenzhen) and Xianyang Airport (Xi’an) were not clear. Second, the large number of flights is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for the establishment of wave-system structures. It is important for airport hubs to optimize connection waves so that they can better utilize their temporal recourse. Third, possible indirect connections of Capital Airport (Beijing), Pudong Airport (Shanghai) and Baiyun Airport (Guangzhou) were spatially different. In general, their spatial patterns did not follow the rule of geographic proximity, but they were related to the network expansion of flights.

Key words: connection wave, wave-system structure, airport hub, feeder route, temporal resource

中图分类号:

K902

黄洁, 王姣娥. 枢纽机场的航班波体系结构及其喂给航线的空间格局研究[J]. 地理科学, 2018, 38(11): 1750-1758.

Jie Huang, Jiaoe Wang. Wave-system Structures of Airport Hubs and Spatial Patterns of Possible Indirect Connections[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2018, 38(11): 1750-1758.

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机场	旅客吞吐量排名		首位航空公司	航班数量占比 (%)
机场	2010年	2015年	首位航空公司	2010年	2015年
北京首都	1	1	国航	43.85	41.26
上海浦东	3	2	东航	45.60	43.02
广州白云	2	3	南航	48.90	48.88
成都双流	6	4	国航	36.97	33.19
深圳宝安	5	5	国航	37.53	31.54
上海虹桥	4	6	东航	59.23	54.83
昆明长水	7	7	东航	51.76	48.91
西安咸阳	8	8	东航	35.44	34.91
重庆江北	10	9	国航	25.24	21.83
杭州萧山	9	10	国航	23.86	21.34

排序	北京首都机场		上海浦东机场		广州白云机场
排序	2010年	2015年	2010年	2015年	2010年	2015年
1	成都	成都	西安	武汉	海口	北京
2	深圳	深圳	成都	沈阳	北京	海口
3	重庆	杭州	武汉	西安	三亚	三亚
4	杭州	重庆	长春	大连	杭州	杭州
5	上海	上海	沈阳	哈尔滨	南京	上海
6	沈阳	西安	重庆	成都	上海	昆明
7	广州	广州	哈尔滨	桂林	武汉	成都
8	长春	温州	大连	温州	揭阳	南京
9	西安	哈尔滨	厦门	福州	长沙	湛江
10	哈尔滨	长春	温州	重庆	湛江	贵阳