关键词: 反贫困, 绩效评价, 空间分异, 影响因素, 贫困县, 湖南省

Abstract:

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, there are significant changes occurred in the urban and rural regional structure, industrial structure, employment structure, and social structure, and China’s economic growth and social development have made great achievements in recent years. Nevertheless, the development strategy of urban bias, the low level of inter-generational culture of farmers, and the constraints of environmental bottlenecks have led to the emergence of the binary urban-rural structure. With a large base and a wide distribution of vulnerable rural population, the development of the poor and the multi-dimensional poverty group, the problem of the vicious cycle of poverty is extremely serious. China has been an active advocator and a powerful promoter of the world's poverty alleviation cause. The problem of rural poverty remains a significance hurdle to building a moderately prosperous society comprehensively and charting the roadmap for rural vitalization in China. Using entropy method and geodetector, the paper selects 18 indicators from 3 aspects of farmers' basic survival performance, self-development performance and county poverty alleviation performance to study the anti-poverty performance evaluation, spatial geographical differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of 51 poverty-stricken counties in Hunan Province, China in 2017. It can be shown that: farmers in poverty-stricken counties in Hunan Province can generally meet the basic needs of survival; the poverty-stricken counties around the urban areas such as Wulingyuan district and Hecheng district, as well as those around the Luoxiao Mountain Range, have higher scores for self-development performance, while those around the Xuefeng Mountain Range are generally lower; the poverty-stricken counties with high levels of poverty alleviation performance are scattered in space, and the performance levels of the northwestern minority areas in the province and the poverty-stricken counties in the south-central areas need to be strengthened. The anti-poverty performance of Hunan Province generally presents spatial characteristics of alternating high, medium and low performance levels. The poverty-stricken counties with higher anti-poverty performance levels are closer to urban areas such as Wulingyuan district and Hecheng district and Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomerations. The development of county areas are the decisive factor affecting the performance of anti-poverty in Hunan Province, the conditions of farmers and rural conditions are the basic factors, and natural conditions are important factors. The interaction between these factors is far greater than the single factor, and no single factor can play an independent role in the development process. These all reflect the complexity characteristics of the influencing factors of anti-poverty performance in Hunan Province.

Key words: anti-poverty, performance evaluation, spatial differentiation, influencing factors, poverty county, Hunan Province