基于物流企业数据的2007-2017年中国城市网络空间特征及演化

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.05.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用2007、2012和2017年中国百强物流企业网络数据,运用世界城市网络研究的链锁网络模型方法,分析中国城市网络的等级结构、空间分异、空间联系及其演变特征。研究表明：基于物流企业数据的中国城市网络具有明显的层级特征,并呈现“两主多中心”的区域空间结构,网络联系的离散水平逐渐降低,其稳定性和均衡性有所增加,等级结构趋于合理;各节点城市组织能力空间分异明显,京津冀、长三角、珠三角的组织能力和介中心性始终处于较高水平,城市间物流联系逐渐增强,并有协同发展的趋势;城市网络联系中,长江沿线城市物流网络联系地位上升,上海为中心的T字型空间结构替代以北京为中心的核心网络结构,在全国尺度形成以胡焕庸线为界线,物流联系网络呈中东部密集、西部相对稀疏的空间格局,其演变过程呈现由等级网络联系特征向等级性与空间近邻性网络联系特征转变趋势。

关键词: 物流企业, 城市网络, 空间结构, 链锁网络模型

Abstract:

Urban system and network are the hot topics of worldwide urban and regional research. There is a plenthora of literature on the urban network from the perspective of passenger, information and business flow. But there is a big gap in the urban network from the perspective freight flow. This article analyzed the hierarchical structure, spatial differentiation, spatial connection and evolution characteristics of Chinese urban networks using the interlocking network model, which is established by the theory of global urban networks. The network data of China's top 100 logistics enterprises in 2007, 2012 and 2017 is introduced into the model. Results indicated that the urban network of China based on logistics enterprise data was hierarchically characterized obviously. And presented a regional spatial structure of ‘two main and multi-center’. The discrete level of network connection was in gradually decreasing, its stability and balance were increasing, and the hierarchical structure tended to be reasonable. The spatial differentiation of organizational capacity of each node city was obvious, and the organizational capacity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta were continuously at a high level in comparison. There was a trend of synergistic development among cities. In terms of urban network connection abd the linkage status of urban logistics networks along the Yangtze River rises, Shanghai, as the center of the T type space structure, is replaced with Beijing as the center of the core network structure. Taking Hu Line as the boundary, a dense spatial pattern in the East and relatively sparse in the west part had been formed. And it concluded that the spatial pattern evolved from hierarchical network connection to hierarchical and spatial proximity network connection.

Key words: logistics enterprise, urban network, spatial structure, interlocking network model

中图分类号:

F129.9

宗会明, 吕瑞辉. 基于物流企业数据的2007-2017年中国城市网络空间特征及演化[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(5): 760-767.

Zong Huiming, Lyu Ruihui. The Spatial Characteristics and Evolution of Chinese Urban Network Based on Logistics Enterprise Data in 2007-2017[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(5): 760-767.

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类型	城市	网络联系强度	均值	数量（个）	比重（%）
全国性枢纽城市	上海、北京	10.26~8.44	9.35	2	0.69
区域性枢纽城市	广州、天津、深圳、杭州、苏州、武汉、南京、青岛、成都、重庆、西安、郑州、宁波、福州、昆明、合肥、长沙、石家庄、大连、哈尔滨	7.84~7.18	7.36	20	6.90
次区域性枢纽城市	厦门、沈阳、乌鲁木齐、无锡、济南、南昌、太原、泉州、长春、芜湖、贵阳、东莞、温州、兰州、金华、海口、南宁、西宁、扬州、淮安、银川、烟台、南通、呼和浩特、汕头、佛山、襄阳、盐城、嘉兴、镇江、常州、珠海、济宁、漳州、吉林、徐州、潍坊、日照、江门、洛阳、中山、连云港、廊坊、沧州	3.41~1.56	2.01	44	15.17
地方性枢纽城市	其他城市	1.24~0.06	0.66	224	77.24

类型	2007年	2012年	2017年
全国性枢纽城市	北京（1）	北京（1）	上海、北京（2）
区域性枢纽城市	上海、广州、天津、武汉、乌鲁木齐、南京、大连、深圳、青岛（9）	上海、广州（2）	广州、天津、深圳、杭州、苏州、武汉、南京、青岛、成都、重庆、西安、郑州、宁波、福州、昆明、合肥、长沙、石家庄、大连、哈尔滨（20）
次区域性枢纽城市	西安、郑州、重庆、石家庄、呼和浩特、长沙、沈阳、福州、成都、兰州、贵阳、昆明、哈尔滨、杭州、无锡、厦门、珠海、宁波、苏州、烟台、南宁、东莞、济南、佛山、连云港、太原、泉州、日照、镇江、常州、海口、唐山、淄博、南通、呼伦贝尔、扬州、沧州、泰州、九江、宜昌、梧州、洛阳、合肥（43）	大连、苏州、西安、天津、深圳、南京、青岛、武汉、重庆、乌鲁木齐、石家庄、成都、厦门、福州、佛山、济南、郑州、长沙、宁波、无锡、合肥、东莞、昆明、兰州、南宁、杭州、贵阳、泉州、沈阳、唐山、汕头、呼和浩特、襄阳、连云港、漳州、哈尔滨、珠海、江门、烟台、中山、芜湖、海口、南通、日照、扬州（45）	厦门、沈阳、乌鲁木齐、无锡、济南、南昌、太原、泉州、长春、芜湖、贵阳、东莞、温州、兰州、金华、海口、南宁、西宁、扬州、淮安、银川、烟台、南通、呼和浩特、汕头、佛山、襄阳、盐城、嘉兴、镇江、常州、珠海、济宁、漳州、吉林、徐州、潍坊、日照、江门、洛阳、中山、连云港、廊坊、沧州（44）
地方性枢纽城市	其他城市（167）	其他城市（191）	其他城市（224）