1982-2015年全球植被变化及其与温度和降水的关系

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.05.017

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 823-832.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.05.017

1982-2015年全球植被变化及其与温度和降水的关系

李茂华¹(), 都金康¹^,²(), 李皖彤¹, 李闰洁¹, 吴森垚¹, 王姗姗¹

1.南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京 210093
2.江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,江苏南京 210093

收稿日期:2019-03-12 修回日期:2019-06-25 出版日期:2020-05-10 发布日期:2020-08-18
通讯作者: 都金康 E-mail:li7@foxmail.com;njudjk@163.com
作者简介:李茂华（1994-）,男,四川德阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事环境遥感与GIS应用方面研究。E-mail:maohua. li7@foxmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41371044);国家自然科学基金项目(41471343);国家自然科学基金项目(41771029)

Global Vegetation Change and Its Relationship with Precipitation and Temperature Based on GLASS-LAI in 1982-2015

Li Maohua¹(), Du Jinkang¹^,²(), Li Wantong¹, Li Runjie¹, Wu Senyao¹, Wang Shanshan¹

1. School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China
2. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China

Received:2019-03-12 Revised:2019-06-25 Online:2020-05-10 Published:2020-08-18
Contact: Du Jinkang E-mail:li7@foxmail.com;njudjk@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41371044);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41471343);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771029)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用1982-2015年的GLASS-LAI (Global Land Surface Satellite-Leaf Area Index )遥感数据和CRU(Climatic Research Unit)气象数据,利用Mann-Kendall趋势法分析了过去34 a全球9种植被的叶面积指数(Leaf Area Index,LAI)时空变化特征;使用相关分析和逐步线性回归分别探讨了全球9种植被LAI与降水、温度的年际与月关系。结果表明：① 全球植被总体呈现绿化趋势,其中变化较大的是草原、稀树草原、常绿阔叶林和多树草原;在植被生长的绿化和褐化趋势中,面积占比最大的植被类型均为草原,说明草原生态系统易受环境因素的影响。② 从年际关系看,草原和开放灌丛的LAI与年均降水多呈正相关关系,而温度对不同纬度植被的LAI存在正负2种影响。其原因为温度升高对中低纬度的植被生长有抑制作用,而对高纬度地区植被生长有促进作用。③ 从年内关系看,南半球降水和温度共同作用于植被的生长;而北半球除常绿阔叶林的生长与温度关系更为紧密外,其它类型植被的生长主要受降水影响。④ 逐步线性回归结果表明,当月温度的升高对常绿阔叶林、混交林和农作物的生长具有促进作用,而多树草原和草原2种植被的生长受当月降水的影响最为显著。

关键词: 全球植被, LAI, 温度, 降水

Abstract:

We analyzed the spatial-temporal changes in global vegetation and their dynamic responses to temperature and precipitation using GLASS-LAI (Global Land Surface Satellite-Leaf Area Index ) and CRU (Climatic Research Unit) meteorological data from 1982 to 2015. The results showed that: 1) Global vegetation showed an overall greening trend, which is paricularly significant over grasslands, savannas, evergreen broadleaf forests and woody savanas. Grasslands have the largest greening and browning area, indicating their vulnerability to climate. 2) In terms of the inter-annual relationships, the LAI of grasslands and open shrublands were overall positively correlated with precipitation, while temperature had different effects on the growth of vegetation at diverse latitudes. This could be attributed to that, the growth of vegetation at middle and low latitudes was inhibited by the increasing temperature, while facilitated by the rising temperature at high latitudes. 3) In terms of the intra-annual relationships, precipitation and temperature together promoted vegetation growth in the southern hemisphere, however, the vegetation in the northern hemisphere was mainly affected by precipitation, except evergreen broadleaf forests. 4) The results of stepwise multiple regression indicated that the rising instant temperature had positive influence on the growth of evergreen broadleaf forests, mixed forests, and croplands, while woody savannas and savannas were significantly impacted by the instant precipitation.

Key words: global vegetation, LAI, temperature, precipitation

中图分类号:

TP79

李茂华, 都金康, 李皖彤, 李闰洁, 吴森垚, 王姗姗. 1982-2015年全球植被变化及其与温度和降水的关系[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(5): 823-832.

Li Maohua, Du Jinkang, Li Wantong, Li Runjie, Wu Senyao, Wang Shanshan. Global Vegetation Change and Its Relationship with Precipitation and Temperature Based on GLASS-LAI in 1982-2015[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(5): 823-832.

图/表 9

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	下降 P < 0.01	下降 0.01< P<0.05	上升 P<0.01	上升0.01< P<0.05	总计
常绿阔叶林	0.45	0.24	9.99	1.56	12.24
混交林	0.23	0.14	5.94	0.80	7.11
郁闭灌丛	0.08	0.04	0.09	0.04	0.24
开放灌丛	1.82	1.42	6.22	2.20	11.67
多树草原	1.08	0.56	9.91	1.60	13.15
稀树草原	1.82	1.01	10.58	2.77	16.19
草原	2.98	1.93	17.54	4.92	27.37
农作物	0.69	0.41	8.15	1.91	11.16
农作物和自然植被混合	0.06	0.05	0.62	0.14	0.87
总计	9.21	5.81	69.03	15.95	100.00

	负相关 P < 0.01	负相关 0.01< P < 0.05	正相关 P < 0.01	正相关 0.01< P < 0.05	总计
常绿阔叶林	0.11	0.32	1.05	2.46	3.95
混交林	0.08	0.37	0.25	0.97	1.67
郁闭灌丛	0.00	0.00	0.52	0.23	0.74
开放灌丛	0.27	0.91	12.69	5.29	19.16
多树草原	0.41	0.72	1.19	2.28	4.59
稀树草原	0.11	0.48	5.21	5.44	11.24
草原	0.84	1.26	29.14	14.17	45.41
农作物	0.08	0.25	6.78	5.56	12.67
农作物和自然植被混合	0.01	0.04	0.18	0.33	0.57
总计	1.91	4.36	57.01	36.72	100.00

	负相关 P< 0.01	负相关 0.01< P < 0.05	正相关 P < 0.01	正相关 0.01< P < 0.05	总计
常绿阔叶林	0.67	0.46	10.52	4.36	16.02
混交林	0.04	0.16	2.50	2.68	5.39
郁闭灌丛	0.14	0.15	0.00	0.03	0.32
开放灌丛	4.72	3.28	4.25	3.58	15.84
多树草原	0.31	0.47	5.54	4.51	10.83
稀树草原	1.20	1.41	7.88	5.66	16.14
草原	3.66	3.93	9.28	8.01	24.88
农作物	0.45	0.88	4.61	3.76	9.69
农作物和自然植被混合	0.04	0.05	0.43	0.39	0.90
总计	11.23	10.78	45.01	32.98	100.00

植被类型	逐步线性回归	R²	F
常绿阔叶林	LAI=0.575T₀+0.328T₃+ 0.005P₃-19.077	0.343	71.354
混交林	LAI=0.1T₀+0.058T₃+0.036P₀-0.059T₁-0.011P₂-0.02P₃+0.38	0.878	484.502
郁闭灌丛	LAI=0.011T₃+0.002P₀+0.002P₁+0.336	0.479	125.039
开放灌丛	LAI=0.016T₃+0.006P₀-0.034T₀-0.02T₁-0.011P₂-0.006P₁+1.36	0.889	542.541
多树草原	LAI=0.031P₀+0.007P₁-0.072T₁-0.034T₀-0.018P₃-0.009P₂+2.44	0.879	489.831
稀树草原	LAI=0.053T₃+0.012P₀-0.072T₀-0.028T₁-0.023T₂-0.014P₂-0.007P₃-0.005P₁+3.845	0.722	131.927
草原	LAI=0.008P₀-0.06T₀-0.011P₃-0.007P₂-0.007P₁+2.367	0.671	165.877
农作物	LAI=0.112T₀+0.026T₃+0.008P₀-0.008P₁-0.003P₂-1.251	0.892	669.094
农作物和自然植被混合	LAI=0.155T₀+0.005P₀-0.052T₁-0.002P₃-0.531	0.742	291.878

1982-2015年全球植被变化及其与温度和降水的关系

Global Vegetation Change and Its Relationship with Precipitation and Temperature Based on GLASS-LAI in 1982-2015

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