中国海洋科技创新效率发展格局演变与类型划分

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.06.004

地理科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 890-899.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.06.004

中国海洋科技创新效率发展格局演变与类型划分

王晓辰¹(), 韩增林¹, 彭飞¹^,*(), 蔡先哲²

1. 辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心，辽宁大连 116029
2. 大连海事大学航运经济与管理学院，辽宁大连 116026

收稿日期:2019-03-19 出版日期:2020-06-01 发布日期:2020-12-07
通讯作者: 彭飞 E-mail:15993853837@163.com;pfly324@163.com
作者简介:王晓辰（1993−），女，河南安阳人，硕士，主要从事区域发展规划、海洋经济地理研究。E-mail： 15993853837@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41601114）、教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大课题（18JJD790005）、教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目（16YJC790080）资助

Development Pattern and Typical Zone of Marine Scientific and Technological Innovation Efficiency in China

Wang Xiaochen¹(), Han Zenglin¹, Peng Fei¹^,*(), Cai Xianzhe²

1. Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, Liaoning, China
2. School of Maritime Economics and Management, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, Liaoning, China

Received:2019-03-19 Online:2020-06-01 Published:2020-12-07
Contact: Peng Fei E-mail:15993853837@163.com;pfly324@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41601114), Key Issues of Humanities and Social Science Research Base of Ministry of Education (18JJD790005), Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund (16YJC790080).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

科技创新是促进海洋产业发展的新兴驱动力，对提高发展质量至关重要。研究使用SBM超效率模型测度中国沿海11省市（不包括港澳台地区）2006?2014年海洋科技创新效率，结合核密度估计分析其时空分异特征，再从投入规模和创新效率2个维度，划分出海洋科技创新发展类型区。结果表明：① 从效率变化角度来看，2006?2014年间研究区海洋科技创新效率存在小幅增长，但整体效率水平较低，地区之间效率差异先缩小后扩大，最终形成以辽宁、上海、广东三地为主的北、中、南三方向的海洋科技创新发展核心。② 从海洋科技创新投入规模和创新效率双维度综合来看，进一步将沿海地区海洋科技创新发展模式划分成 4种类型：引领区（广东、上海、辽宁）、追赶区（广西）、突破区（天津、山东、福建、江苏、浙江）、落后区（河北、海南）。

关键词: 海洋科技, 创新效率, 投入规模, 沿海地区

Abstract:

Scientific and technological innovation is an emerging driving force for the development of the marine industry, which is essential for improving the quality of development. In this article, the SBM super-efficiency method is used to measure the marine scientific and technological industry innovation efficiency in the coastal provinces and cities of China from 2006 to 2014. The study areas include 11 coastal provinces and cities: Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan (limitation to data, not including Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao). Combined with the nuclear density estimation, the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics are analyzed. Then, from the 2 dimensions of investment scale and innovation efficiency, the marine scientific and technological innovation development type area is divided. The results are obtained as follows. Firstly, from the perspective of efficiency change in 2006?2014, there was a small increase in the efficiency of marine scientific and technological innovation in coastal areas, but the overall efficiency was low. The difference in efficiency among regions is first reduced and then expanded, presenting multiple levels of division, and the marine industry innovation activities completed the core transformation of development, and the core position is more prominent than ever. Secondly, from the perspective of the 2 dimensions of innovation investment scale and marine scientific and technological innovation, 7 types of innovative input-efficiency type zones can be identified in 11 coastal provinces and cities. On this basis, the regional development background and development momentum are comprehensively considered, and 4 types are further divided. Innovative development type zones: leading areas, catching areas, breakthrough areas and backward areas. The leading areas include Guangdong, Shanghai and Liaoning, which have a good marine industrial environment and the most advanced innovative technologies in the country, and are the core areas of marine scientific and technological innovation and development in coastal areas. The catching area is Guangxi, and the traditional marine industry is weak, but high-level marine industry innovation technology level and resource management capabilities have driven the rapid development of marine scientific and technological innovation activities. The breakthrough areas include Tianjin, Shandong, Fujian, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, which have an excellent development of traditional marine economy and high level of innovation scale. However, low-level innovation technology has hindered the development of regional marine scientific and technological innovation activities. The backward areas are Hebei and Hainan. The traditional marine economy is backward, and there is no good innovation scale economy. Coupled with the poor ability of innovative technologies, the marine scientific and technological innovation and development activities lag behind other regions.

Key words: marine scientific and technological, innovation efficiency, scale of investment, coastal area

中图分类号:

王晓辰, 韩增林, 彭飞, 蔡先哲. 中国海洋科技创新效率发展格局演变与类型划分[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(6): 890-899.

Wang Xiaochen, Han Zenglin, Peng Fei, Cai Xianzhe. Development Pattern and Typical Zone of Marine Scientific and Technological Innovation Efficiency in China[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(6): 890-899.

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目标层	一级指标	二级指标
投入	资本	科研机构经费投入
	劳动力	海洋科研机构科技从业人员
		海洋产业硕士专业点
	物力资源	海洋产业博士专业点
		海洋科研机构
产出	论文	海洋科研机构发表科技论文篇数
	专利	海洋科研机构拥有发明专利总数
	项目成果	海洋科技成果项目数

中国海洋科技创新效率发展格局演变与类型划分

Development Pattern and Typical Zone of Marine Scientific and Technological Innovation Efficiency in China

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