三亚市季节性旅游移民社会融合对主观幸福感的影响

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2020.12.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以旅游消费移民的代表性群体——季节性旅游移民为对象，构建季节性旅游移民社会融合对主观幸福感影响的概念模型，并提出相关假设；以典型的旅居城市三亚为案例地，运用结构方程模型对假设进行验证。研究表明：季节性旅游移民的文化融合对主观幸福感的影响较小，仅对正面情绪有显著的正向影响；而心理融合和身份融合均正向显著作用于主观幸福感的生活满意和正面情绪2个维度，且对负面情绪有显著抑制作用。基于实证分析，从文化融合、身份融合、心理融合等层面提出季节性旅游移民主观幸福感的提升策略。

关键词: 季节性旅游移民, 社会融合, 主观幸福感, 海南三亚

Abstract:

At present, the theory of Mobility has become a popular research topic in tourism, but there are rarely researches on tourism consumption immigrants among local scholars. This article takes the representative group of tourism consumption immigrants, which is the seasonal tourism immigrants as the research object, constructs the conceptual model of the influence of the social integration of seasonal tourism immigrants on subjective happiness, and proposes relevant hypotheses; Sanya is taken as the case, and the structural equation model is used to verify the hypothesis. The results are shown as follows: 1) The social integration of seasonal tourism immigrants consists of cultural integration, identity integration and psychological integration. This article developed the scale of social integration of seasonal tourism immigrants and tested its dimensions, reliability and validity through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. 2) The cultural integration of seasonal tourism immigrants has the least impact on subjective well-being, and has only a significant positive impact on positive emotion; while psychological integration and identity integration are positively used for life satisfaction and positive emotion, and have a significant inhibitory effect on negative emotion.3) Sanya has created a superior living space for seasonal tourism immigrants, which not only satisfies the needs of happy life of seasonal tourism immigrants, but also greatly enhances the subjective happiness of them. In addition, the diversity and inclusiveness of Sanya as a tourist city can eliminate the role of cultural integration in promoting subjective happiness. However, conflicts and misunderstandings caused by obvious identity boundaries have greatly reduced the happiness of seasonal tourism immigrants. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the identity integration of the seasonal tourism immigrants. Finally, based on empirical analysis, the promotion strategy of subjective happiness of the seasonal tourism immigrants is proposed from the aspects of cultural integration, identity integration and psychological integration.

Key words: seasonal tourism immigrants, social integration, subjective well-being, Sanya in Hainan Province

中图分类号:

K901.2

赵臣, 陈扬乐, 张凯, 申文灿. 三亚市季节性旅游移民社会融合对主观幸福感的影响[J]. 地理科学, 2020, 40(12): 2064-2072.

Zhao Chen, Chen Yangle, Zhang Kai, Shen Wencan. Social Integration on the Subjective Well-being of Seasonal Tourism Immigrants in Sanya[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2020, 40(12): 2064-2072.

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因子	特征值	题项	因子负荷	公因子方差	累计解释变异量/%
文化融合	2.665	X₁我觉得与本地居民交流沟通障碍较少	0.911	0.832	21.598
		X₂我比较适应海南的饮食	0.936	0.877
		X₃我了解海南特有的风俗习惯	0.933	0.877
身份融合	4.036	X₄我非常愿意与当地人进行交往	0.753	0.578	54.459
		X₅我与当地人的交往比较广泛	0.737	0.544
		X₆我愿意把自己当做新海南人	0.817	0.669
		X₇我感觉自己是三亚的一部分	0.830	0.694
		X₈我感觉三亚的当地人非常愿意接纳我	0.832	0.702
		X₉我明年还愿意来三亚过冬	0.879	0.773
心理融合	2.204	X₁₀我对三亚的自然环境非常满意	0.902	0.818	74.205
		X₁₁我对三亚的居住环境非常满意	0.882	0.780
		X₁₂我对三亚的社会环境非常满意	0.869	0.761
生活满意	2.189	Y₁在三亚期间，我的生活大多数方面与我的理想吻合	0.766	0.655	29.078
		Y₂在三亚期间，我的生活状况良好	0.857	0.800
		Y₃在三亚期间，我对我的生活感到满意	0.816	0.770
		Y₅回首在三亚的往事，我能够感受到生活的意义和人生的圆满	0.919	0.938
负面情绪	1.729	Y₆愤怒	0.848	0.888	54.147
		Y₈忧虑	0.917	0.938
		Y₁₄悲伤	0.901	0.947
正面情绪	8.172	Y₇高兴	0.888	0.876	85.889
		Y₉爱	0.864	0.843
		Y₁₁愉快	0.843	0.833
		Y₁₃快乐	0.930	0.960

因子	测量题项	标准化因子负荷	平均变异抽取量	组合信度	Cronbach’s a
注：所有测项的标准化因子载荷均在P＜0.001水平上显著。
文化融合	X₁	0.845	0.794	0.920	0.919
	X₂	0.910
	X₃	0.916
身份融合	X₄	0.590	0.661	0.884	0.878
	X₇	0.825
	X₈	0.919
	X₉	0.879
心理融合	X₁₀	0.872	0.681	0.865	0.864
	X₁₁	0.814
	X₁₂	0.787
生活满意	Y₁	0.777	0.623	0.832	0.832
	Y₂	0.795
	Y₅	0.796
负面情绪	Y₆	0.898	0.886	0.959	0.958
	Y₈	0.950
	Y₁₄	0.974
正面情绪	Y₇	0.886	0.783	0.915	0.914
	Y₉	0.844
	Y₁₁	0.923

评价指标	χ²/df	GFI	AGFI	IFI	TLI	CFI	RMSEA
修正前	3.799	0.830	0.784	0.912	0.897	0.911	0.094
理想标准值	3	>0.90	>0.90	>0.90	>0.90	>0.90	<0.08
修正后	2.118	0.912	0.880	0.966	0.958	0.965	0.059