长三角区域创新集群的技术创新联系特征及影响探究——以新材料产业为例

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.09.002

地理科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1522-1533.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2022.09.002

长三角区域创新集群的技术创新联系特征及影响探究——以新材料产业为例

宓泽锋¹(), 邱志鑫¹, 尚勇敏², 周灿³()

1.浙江工业大学经济学院，浙江杭州 310023
2.上海社会科学院可持续发展研究所，上海 200020
3.浙江工商大学经济学院，浙江杭州 310018

收稿日期:2021-08-10 修回日期:2022-01-01 接受日期:2022-03-11 出版日期:2022-09-10 发布日期:2022-11-14
通讯作者: 周灿 E-mail:mizefeng1991@163.com;zc070260046@126.com
作者简介:宓泽锋（1991-），男，浙江余姚人，博士，讲师/特聘副研究员，硕导，研究方向为产业创新、创新网络与区域发展。E-mail: mizefeng1991@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42130510);国家自然科学基金项目(42001118);国家自然科学基金项目(41901157);国家自然科学基金项目(71774145);浙江省社科联年度项目(2022N14);浙江工业大学人文社科类基本业务费项目(GB202103002);浙江工业大学2022年交叉科学研究基金资助

Technological Innovation Connection Characteristics and Influence of Regional Innovation Cluster in the Yangtze River Delta: A Case Study of New Material Industry

Mi Zefeng¹(), Qiu Zhixin¹, Shang Yongmin², Zhou Can³()

1. School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China
2. Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai 200020, China
3. School of Economics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China

Received:2021-08-10 Revised:2022-01-01 Accepted:2022-03-11 Online:2022-09-10 Published:2022-11-14
Contact: Zhou Can E-mail:mizefeng1991@163.com;zc070260046@126.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42130510);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42001118);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41901157);National Natural Science Foundation of China(71774145);Annual Project of Zhejiang Federation of Social Sciences(2022N14);Basic Business Expenses of Humanities and Social Sciences of Zhejiang University of Technology(GB202103002);Cross Science Research Foundation of Zhejiang University of Technology in 2022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于区域创新集群的相关概念辨析，提出基于长三角一体化战略的区域创新集群概念，并通过IncoPat网站获取2000—2017年长三角新材料产业已获授权的发明专利，在刻画新材料区域创新集群技术创新联系特征的基础上，利用二步系统广义矩阵估计（Generalized Method of Moments，GMM）模型测度融入区域创新集群的深度与广度对地方创新集群的影响，得到如下结论：第一，区域创新集群的发展符合“点-轴”发展理论的观点，以上海、南京、杭州等发达地方创新集群为增长极，在空间上率先形成以增长极为节点的发展轴，成为区域创新集群的核心组团。第二，区域创新集群技术创新联系具备“全球-地方”创新网络阐述的多种类型知识交互耦合的特征，在同质性知识交互的基础上，异质性知识的交互同样占据重要地位。第三，当前阶段长三角区域创新集群中核心组团的极化效应大于扩散效应，更易在区域创新集群的建设中获益，并且知识基础的正向调节作用明显。区域创新集群研究尚处于起步阶段，相关研究亟待经济地理学者进一步展开。

关键词: 区域创新集群, 合作研发, 专利转让, 创新网络, 长三角

Abstract:

Regional innovation cluster is an important part of the Yangtze River Delta high-quality integration strategy, but the current research on regional innovation cluster is relatively lack. There are differences in understanding the concept of regional innovation clusters at home and abroad. Based on the analysis of the related concepts of regional innovation cluster, this paper puts forward the concept of regional innovation cluster based on the Yangtze River Delta integration strategy. This paper obtains the authorized invention patents of the new material industry in the Yangtze River Delta from the IncoPat website in 2000-2017. On the basis of describing the characteristics of the internal innovation linkages of the Yangtze River Delta New Materials Regional Innovation Cluster, this paper uses the two-step System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model to measure the impact of the depth and breadth of integration into regional innovation cluster on local innovation cluster. We drew the following conclusions: Firstly, the development of regional innovation cluster is conforms to the viewpoint of the point-axis development theory. The Yangtze River Delta New Materials Regional Innovation Cluster take Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and other developed local innovation clusters as growth poles, and take the lead in forming a development axis with growth pole nodes in space. Developed local innovation clusters have become the core group within the Yangtze River Delta New Materials Regional Innovation Cluster. Secondly, the technological innovation linkage of the Yangtze River Delta New Materials Regional Innovation Cluster has the characteristics of various types of knowledge coupling, which is the same point of view described by the ‘global-local’ innovation network theory. The proportion of heterogeneous knowledge interaction in the cooperative research and development (R&D) network of the Yangtze River Delta New Materials Regional Innovation Cluster is as high as 49.08%, while the proportion of heterogeneous knowledge interaction in the patent transfer network is only 3.68%. On the basis of homogeneous knowledge interaction, heterogeneous knowledge interaction also plays an important role. Thirdly, in the current stage of the Yangtze River Delta New Materials Regional Innovation Cluster, the polarization effect of developed local innovation clusters as the core group is greater than the diffusion effect. The positive moderating effect of the knowledge base is obvious, and developed local innovation clusters are more likely to benefit from the construction of regional innovation cluster. It can be seen that regional innovation clusters not only have the common characteristics of local innovation clusters and cluster innovation networks, but also conform to the regional development law elaborated by the ‘point-axis’ development model and the ‘center-periphery’ theory in the evolution of spatial morphology. The research on regional innovation clusters is still in its infancy, and the comparative research on different industries and types needs to be further carried out by economic geographers.

Key words: regional innovation cluster, cooperative research and development (R&D), patent transfer, innovation network, the Yangtze River Delta

中图分类号:

K902/F129.9

宓泽锋, 邱志鑫, 尚勇敏, 周灿. 长三角区域创新集群的技术创新联系特征及影响探究——以新材料产业为例[J]. 地理科学, 2022, 42(9): 1522-1533.

Mi Zefeng, Qiu Zhixin, Shang Yongmin, Zhou Can. Technological Innovation Connection Characteristics and Influence of Regional Innovation Cluster in the Yangtze River Delta: A Case Study of New Material Industry[J]. SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2022, 42(9): 1522-1533.

图/表 6

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	产业集群	创新集群	区域创新集群
目标	提升竞争力	提升技术创新竞争力	提升技术创新竞争力
结构	由企业、高校、科研院所、政府、风投机构、中介组织等构成	由企业、高校、科研院所、政府、风投机构、中介组织等构成	由企业、高校、科研院所、政府、风投机构、中介组织等构成
形态	地理上邻近的企业、学研机构及相关组织相互联系	地理上邻近的创新主体及相关组织相互联系	区域内空间上相互独立的地方创新集群间相互联系
特征	集群内部具有共性或互补性的主体间通过产业链、价值链等方式形成紧密合作网络，具有集聚经济特征^[11]	集群内部创新主体间通过产业链、价值链、创新链等方式形成紧密联系的创新网络，具有集聚经济和知识溢出特征^[13]	在地方创新集群内部形成紧密创新联系的基础上，区域内部的地方创新集群之间形成紧密联系的协同创新网络

被解释变量	地方创新集群指数
被解释变量	模型1-1	模型1-2	模型2-1	模型2-2
注：① 括号中数据为标准误差；② ^*P<0.01,^ P<0.05,^* P<0.1；③ 交互项（×）已进行中心化处理；④ 空白项表示无此项。
地方创新集群指数一阶滞后项	0.759^***	0.679^***	0.737^***	0.494^***
	(0.022)	(0.036)	(0.033)	(0.016)
融入广度	0.035^***	0.161^***
	(0.013)	(0.025)
融入深度			0.010^***	0.025^***
			(0.002)	(0.004)
新材料发明专利总数		0.041^***		0.008^***
		(0.004)		(0.001)
新材料发明专利总数×融入广度		0.042^***
		(0.006)
新材料发明专利总数×融入深度				0.010^***
				(0.001)
外部联系强度	0.020^***	0.009^***	0.019^***	0.008^***
	(0.002)	(0.003)	(0.002)	(0.002)
在校大学生数	0.010^***	0.005^*	0.008^***	0.006^**
	(0.004)	(0.002)	(0.003)	(0.002)
政府财政支出中科技支出金额	0.001	0.001^**	0.001	0.001
	(0.001)	(0.000)	(0.001)	(0.001)
年末金融机构各项贷款余额	-0.006^***	-0.020^***	-0.005^**	-0.014^***
	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.002)
外商直接投资额	-0.001	0.003	-0.003	-0.001
	(0.003)	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.002)
职工平均工资	-0.015^***	-0.011^***	-0.013^***	-0.014^***
	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.002)
工业企业数	0.008^***	0.006^**	0.012^***	0.009^***
	(0.002)	(0.003)	(0.002)	(0.002)
常数项	0.093^***	0.157^***	0.071^***	0.187^***
	(0.023)	(0.035)	(0.027)	(0.024)
样本数/个	738	738	738	738
城市数量/个	41	41	41	41

长三角区域创新集群的技术创新联系特征及影响探究——以新材料产业为例

Technological Innovation Connection Characteristics and Influence of Regional Innovation Cluster in the Yangtze River Delta: A Case Study of New Material Industry

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