地理科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 865-872.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2013.07.865

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黄土高原植被对水热状况的响应研究

李小燕()   

  1. 陕西理工学院汉水文化研究中心 历史文化与旅游学院, 陕西 汉中723000
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-03 修回日期:2012-10-28 出版日期:2013-07-20 发布日期:2013-07-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:李小燕(1978-),女,陕西渭南人,讲师,博士研究生,主要从事国土资源评价与GIS研究。E-mail:lxy1671@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(11BJY031)、陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2012JM5011)、陕西(高校)哲学社会科学重点研究基地汉水文化研究中心计划项目(SLGH1245)、陕西省重点实验室项目(2012JS072)、宝鸡文理学院重点项目(ZK1054)资助

Vegetation Response to Hydro-thermal Condition in Loess Plateau

Xiao-yan LI()   

  1. Center of Hanshui Culture Studies, School of History and Tourism, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
  • Received:2012-08-03 Revised:2012-10-28 Online:2013-07-20 Published:2013-07-20

摘要:

利用1999~2010年植被覆盖数据、气温与降水量数据,结合经验正交函数、时滞互相关法与奇异值分解法对黄土高原植被覆盖和水热状况进行研究。结果表明,水热组合状况主成分较多且时间变化规律性差,即水热综合状况比较复杂;植被覆盖特征明显。最大时滞相关反映出黄土高原南部小麦等作物对水热响应最快,其次为林木-温性植物-寒性、盐生、旱生植物-强旱生植物,滞后时间0~30 d。奇异值分解得出黄土高原绝大部分区域植被覆盖与水热变化一致,也存在明显负相关区。

关键词: 黄土高原, 植被覆盖, 气候变化, 响应, 相关

Abstract:

EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Functions), SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) and lag cross-correlation were applied to analyze temporal and spatial response characteristics of vegetation cover to the variation of hydro-thermal condition, and distinguish the spatial-temporal correlation between vegetation index and climate factors. The results indicated that the hydro-thermal conditions have more principal components and worse regularity as well as minor variance contributes. The variation of hydro-thermal condition depends on monsoon climate, latitude, underlaying surface and so on, which is very complicated and changeable. But there are obvious characters in vegetation cover. The maximum based on lag cross-correlation method shows that the speed of wheat response of southern Loess Plateau to hydro-thermal condition is faster than forest, warm vegetation, cold-halophytic-drought plants and strong drought plants, and the lag-time is about 0-30 days, so more precipitation have stronger impact on vegetation growth than temperature. However, the minimum coefficient reflects that there is significant negative correlation between vegetation cover and double-cropping winter wheat and minor cereals in South Loess Plateau. Singular value decomposition illustrates that vegetation cover is in accordance with hydro-thermal condition in the same area, but there is still obvious negative correlation. Negative correlation is caused by crop-cutting and soil corrosion due to crop rotation system and climate type. It is the best condition for vegetation cover in southeast region of Loess Plateau. More precipitation will be the advantage for vegetation cover, including the hydrological effect of the Yellow River, but when the temperature is higher than one threshold value it won’t be an advantage for vegetation cover in arid and semi-arid region. Higher temperature makes plants grow well where there is sufficient moisture in arid region. The vegetation cover has close relations to hydro-thermal condition in valley plain and basin valley. When there is this additional condition, the vegetation cover increases in hydro-thermal equilibrium region. There is a high level of correlation between vegetation cover and hydro-thermal condition, but more limiting factors. The main limiting factors of temperature on the vegetation cover include land use, vegetation type, cropping system and landform. Loess Plateau is located in droughty inland region, so precipitation directly influences vegetation cover. Plant growth depends importantly on precipitation in desert zone and non-farming areas. In crop field, the correlation between vegetation and precipitation is further complicated by irrigation conditions and so on.

Key words: Loess Plateau, vegetation cover, climate change, response, correlation

中图分类号: 

  • K903