地理科学 ›› 2015, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 905-911.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2015.07.905

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黄土丘陵沟壑区坡面径流侵蚀产沙过程的环境解释

郑江坤1(), 魏天兴2, 赵健3, 陈致富4   

  1. 1. 四川农业大学林学院, 四川 雅安 625014
    2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100086
    3. 辽宁江河水利水电新技术设计研究院, 辽宁 沈阳 110003
    4. 广西柳州市第二中学, 广西 柳州 545001
  • 收稿日期:2014-02-17 修回日期:2014-06-12 出版日期:2015-07-20 发布日期:2015-07-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:郑江坤(1982-),男,河北邢台人,副教授,主要从事土壤侵蚀和水文模型方面的研究。E-mail:jiangkunzheng@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2012M511938)、四川省高等学校水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室建设项目资助

Environmental Interpretation on Slope Runoff-Erosion-Sediment Process in Loess Hilly and Gully Region

Jiang-kun ZHENG1(), Tian-xing WEI2, Jian ZHAO3, Zhi-fu CHEN4   

  1. 1.College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
    2. College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100086, China
    3. New Technology Institute for River and Water Conservancy and Hydropower Design of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110003, China
    4. The Second Middle School of Liuzhou City, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545001, China
  • Received:2014-02-17 Revised:2014-06-12 Online:2015-07-20 Published:2015-07-20

摘要:

应用数量分类(TWINSPAN)和排序(DCCA)方法对陕北吴起县典型坡面侵蚀产沙过程进行了环境解释。结果表明:环境因子对土样侵蚀产沙量的解释量达83%,其中DCCA排序轴前4轴的解释量占总排序轴解释量的69%,且分别与坡位、土壤质量、海拔、干根重显著相关。坡面径流侵蚀产沙量随冲刷时间呈波浪式变化,环境因子对侵蚀产沙过程影响甚微。坡面径流侵蚀产沙量按地形部位表现为梁峁顶<梁峁坡<沟坡<沟底,按地类则表现为灌木林<针阔混交林<针叶纯林<阔叶纯林。

关键词: 地表径流, DCCA, 环境因子, 侵蚀产沙, 黄土丘陵沟壑区

Abstract:

Loess Plateau is the world's most serious soil erosion region. Slope runoff erosion, as the main type of soil erosion, has been priorities and hotspots of soil and water conservation disciplinary about its relation with environmental factors. 23 soil samples under slope runoff erosion during 12 periods were collected as the objects around Wuqi County in the northern Shaanxi, China. The methods of TWINSPAN and DCCA were applied to interpret the relation between environmental factors and slope runoff-erosion-sediment. Results indicated that soil samples in same topography positions and vegetation factors gathered. Eigenvalues of all sorts axis is 0.313, accounting for 83% of environmental interpretation. The cumulative explaining amount of the first 4 axis is 57.5% for runoff erosion and 56.9% for the relationship between runoff erosion and environmental factors. Meanwhile, interpretation of the first two axis accounted for 65% of all sorts axis which indicates the first two axis reflecting the most information of runoff erosion-environment relationship. First axis reflected the influence of soil pH and slope position on runoff erosion, and second axis manifested influence of soil bulk density on runoff erosion. The third and fourth axis reflected, respectively, influences of altitude and dry root weight. Among environmental factors, correlation coefficients of slope position were -0.46, 0.61 and 0.64 to soil pH, elevation, capillary porosity respectively. The correlation coefficients were -0.63 and -0.81 between slope and soil bulk density, plant cover, and the correlation coefficients were -0.37 and -0.57 between soil bulk density and soil organic matter, root dry weight. Sediment content of runoff erosion presented as hilly top

Key words: surface runoff, DCCA, environmental factors, erosion, loess hilly and gully region

中图分类号: 

  • F157.1