地理科学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 772-779.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.05.016

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旅游干扰对五大连池药泉山土壤真菌群落结构影响

关健飞1,2, 王继华1(), 张雪萍2, 王淼1, 周小倩1, 纪垚1   

  1. 1.哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150025
    2.哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150025
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-23 修回日期:2015-06-11 出版日期:2016-07-20 发布日期:2016-07-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:关健飞(1986-),女,满族,黑龙江齐齐哈尔人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为微生物生态学。E-mail: bangeshiji@126.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51108145,41371072)资助;National Natural Science Fundation of China (51108145, 41371072)

Impact of Travel Disturbance on Soil Fungi Communities Structure of the Yaoquan Mountain in Wudalianchi

Jianfei Guan1,2, Jihua Wang1(), Xueping Zhang2, Miao Wang1, Xiaoqian Zhou1, Yao Ji1   

  1. 1. College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang, China
    2. College of Geographical Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2015-03-23 Revised:2015-06-11 Online:2016-07-20 Published:2016-07-20

摘要:

以五大连池药泉山为研究对象,研究旅游干扰对土壤真菌群落结构的影响以及真菌群落结构与土壤化学性质变化之间的响应关系。研究表明:药泉山土壤真菌数量在(0.34~2.47)×106cfu/g之间,整个山体真菌群落结构组成相似性为45.30%。山顶、山腰、山脚总体之间土壤真菌多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数差异性不显著,除有机质含量外,总氮、总磷、速效磷、pH含量差异不显著。随着旅游干扰程度的增加,真菌数量有下降趋势,多样性指数(H′)呈现先降低再升高的趋势。RDA分析发现,有机质含量对真菌群落结构的分布影响相对较大,其次为总氮、总磷、速效磷、pH。

关键词: 药泉山, 旅游干扰, 真菌, 群落结构, 化学性质

Abstract:

To understand the effect of tourism on local soil ecological system, soil samples from the Yaoquan Mountain of Wudalianchi were collected to explore the impact of tourism on fungi community structure and analyze the response relationship between soil chemical properties and fungi community structure. The results indicated that the fungi number was between 0.34×106 cfu/g and 2.47×106 cfu/g in soil samples of the Yaoquan Mmountain. A total of 95 fungi were isolated and purified, respectively belonging to 2 classes, 4 orders, 6 families, 12 genus. A similarity of 45.3% was observed for the whole mountain fungal community structure. Aspergillus and Penicillium were the ubiquitously distributed fungi species for the Yaoquan Mountain. In terms of fungi diversity index, evenness index and richness index, the differences were not significant among samples from mountaintop, mountainside and mountain foot. In addition, no obvious variation was found in different mountain locations for total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, pH value except organic matter. In comparison with mountaintop background area, significant lower fungi number were discovered in buffer area and activity area, which demonstrated the obvious effects of tourism development. However, there was no significant difference in terms of the fungi quantity among the samples from mountainside, activity area, buffer area and background area. In comparison with mountainfoot background area, the fungi quantity in activity area was significantly different, but that in buffer area was much similar. The diversity index (H′) decreased firstly and then increased. RDA analysis found organic matter displayed the largest effect on the distribution of fungal community structure, followed by total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and pH value. When the soil organic matter was in the range of 60.75-90.70 g/kg, there was a significant positive correlation between Stachybotrys and soil organic matter. But when soil organic matter was between 10.36-63.84 g/kg, a significant negative correlation was built between Gliocladium and organic material. For instance, no Gliocladium was detected in mountaintop samples whose soil organic matter was highest (97.14±14.07 g/kg). The quantity of Rhizoctonia was negatively correlaed with all test factors, and it was detectable only in active area. So organic matter and fungi number can be used as indicators for the Yaoquan Mountain ecological system, and the presence of Rhizoctonia can serve as a co-indicator to assess the disturbance degree to which the Yaoquan Mountain suffered from. In summary, with the development of local tourism industry, soil fungi number of the Yaoquan Mountain suffered by showing a decreasing trend. In addition, fungi community structure changed accordingly with the emergence of the strains that adapt to the changing ecological condition. Given above, it can be known that changes in soil chemical properties affected fungi survival environment to a certain extent, which triggered the appearance of some adapting fungi community. All in all, the tourism development and the regional soil heterogeneity are major causes for fungi community structure variability.

Key words: the Yaoquan Mountain, tourism disturbance, fungi, community structure, chemical properties

中图分类号: 

  • Q145