Abstract: Changchun Institute of Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established in 1958, up to now, it has been taking wetland research as its major discipline direction. It made an integrated survey of whole China’s wetlands, carried out the theoretical approach and practice in basic theories of wetlands, environmental function of wetlands, and rational utilization of wetland resources, which promoted the discipline construction, and made a contribution to national economic development. Systematical wetland research got off to a late start in China, at present a comprehensive complete theoretical system hasn’t been formed, therefore the following research work should be done: Chinese wetland classification system, natural process of wetlands, wetland ecosystem structure and function, the influence of human activities on wetlands, the influence of wetlands on global changes and the response, wetland evaluation index system, wetland biodiversity protection, regional wetland protection and management, rational utilization of wetlands, and improvement and restoration of degenerative wetland ecosystem.