• 论文 •

### GIS支持下的黄土高原地震滑坡区划研究

1. 1. 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710075;
2. 中国地震局兰州地震研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000
• 收稿日期:2003-05-19 修回日期:2003-07-11 出版日期:2004-03-20 发布日期:2004-03-20
• 基金资助:
科技部社会公益研究专项资助(35-2000)、黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLLQG0315)。

### GIS Based Seismic Landslide Zonation of the Loess Plateau

WANG Ya-Qiang1, WANG Lan-Min2, ZHANG Xiao-Ye1

1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075;
2. Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Seismological Bureau, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
• Received:2003-05-19 Revised:2003-07-11 Online:2004-03-20 Published:2004-03-20

Abstract: The Loess Plateau, the region with most extensive and thickest loess deposition in China, is located at middle reaches of the Yellow River and its area reaches 275600km2. And it is the region with severe seismic disaster because of loess characteristics of loosen, big hole and weak cementation and frequent strong earthquake occurring. Landslides are one of the most damaging collateral hazards associated with earthquakes. In fact, damage from triggered landslides has sometimes exceeded damage directly related to strong shaking and fault rupture. Seismic landslide zonation maps representing the susceptibility of slopes to failure during and earthquake could therefore be useful tools for preventing disasters and to help land-use planners to make decisions. Six factors impacting loess landslide are analyzed: seismic acceleration, stratum, morphology type, precipitation, slope angle and natural density, and the relative importance of each determined factor of slope instability was quantitatively determined by pair-wise comparison using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. The result shows that seismic acceleration is the most important factor with weight value 0.3834. The following factors are morphology type and slope angle with weight value 0.2734 and 0.1543, respectively. Stratum, precipitation and natural density are not the major factors with weight value 0.0599, 0.0878 and 0.0416, respectively. Through digitizing, the spatial database including the factor's mapsof the factors and their attribute data is built in AcrView GIS software. Each factor map is converted into grid format with size 200m?200m. Then each factor is classified into several classes with regard to their changing in the nature and each class is valued from 1 to 6 according to their impacting degree on landslide. Subsequently the values of six factors classes are multiplied by derived weights for each factor and then are summed together. So the total value so-called landslide index for each pixel and whole region are achieved. With regard to landslide index, the Loess Plateau is divided to four susceptibility classes: very low, low, moderate and high. Finally the landslide zonation maps of the Loess Plateau with three probabilities of exceedance (2%, 10% and 63.5% probability of exceedance in 50 years) are accomplished. Comparing past landslides distribution with zonation map of 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years shows the most landslides are located in high and moderate susceptibility areas, and the group landslides are located in high susceptibility areas. There are two regions with severest landslide hazard: one is south of Ningxia Province with adjacent Baiyin Prefecture of Gansu Province; the other is Tianshui Prefecture of Gansu Province. The moderate landslide hazard areas include: the areas around the above areas from east Pingliang Prefecture to Lanzhou City; Fen-Wei graben and its around areas. The other areas have low landslide susceptibility, especially Erdos block is the stablest area.

• P315.9