Abstract: The author approached the influence of industrial structure and distribution on regional environment and the prevention policies. The industrial structure and its evolution have great influrnce on regional environment, especially such heavy industrial departments as metallurgical industry, chemical industry, power industry, heavy machinery, building materials and so on, influence and harm environment reriously, because of the production nature and scale. The regional distribution of industrial production and the distributive points have great effect on the formation and development of environmental pollution. The rational distribution of industrial production is not only the objective need of socialist production and planned economy, but also the important preequiste of eliminating pollution and protecting environment. The rational distribution of industry is favourable to the comprehencive utilization of natural resources and industial "three wastes", and also to controlling, reducing, and removing pollution. To solve the problems of environmental pollution and regional environment must be combined with the production development. Some policies and important measures such as adjusting the structure, improving the distribution, overall planning and strengthening regional comprehensive research, should be taken.