Abstract: To calculate the abundance of chromium in soil and to study geographical differentiation of chromium content in soil are of great importance for evaluating soil chromium pollution,estimating anomaly of chromium in soil,which has relation to doing harm to man,animal and plant,and existence of dispersion halo of mineral deposits.Statistics from 273 samples of surface soil and 240 samples of soil profile shows that the frequency distribution of chromium content in soil belongs to the approximate logarithmic normal distribution (See Fig.2),the chromium contents of surface soil and soil profile range from 3 to 600 ppm and from 5.2 to 1000.5 ppm respectively;the coefficients of variation are 84.9% and 100.4%;respectively the geometrical means are 58.5 and 61.8 ppm respectively(See Table 1).Chromium content of different soil types and chromium abundance of soil in Chinaare listed in Table 2 and 4.Ceographical differentiation of chromium content of soil in China is characterized by evident provincialism.There is close correlation between soil and its parent material in respect of chromium content (See Fig.3),i.e.chromium content of soil depends closely on those of its parent rock:soil formed on ultra basic and basic volcanic rock is of the highest content of chromium,and soil formed on acid volcanic rock and sand is of the lowest content of chromium (See Table 3).