地理科学

地理科学 ›› 1981, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (1): 85-93.doi: 10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.1981.01.85

• 问题讨论 • 上一篇    下一篇

环境质量的系统分析

董雅文1, 何国瑜1, 钱君龙1, 权力莉1, 马杏法2, 张水铭2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院南京地理研究所;
    2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所
  • 出版日期:1981-01-20 发布日期:1981-01-20

SYSTEMS ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

Dong Yawen1, He Guoyu1, Qian Junlong1, Quan Lili1, Ma Xingfa2, Zhang Shuiming2   

  1. 1. Nanjing Institute of Geography, Academia Sinica;
    2. Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Academia Sinica
  • Online:1981-01-20 Published:1981-01-20

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5

摘要： 环境质量是环境的一个重要属性。环境质量系统分析的目的,是揭示影响环境质量的各种因素(自然、人文)间的内在联系及其与环境质量的关系,可为制定环境保护规划、区域发展规划、环境管理等提供科学依据。应用系统科学的理论与方法研究环境质量的特点:(1) 把环境中有联系的事物与现象看作为一个整体,通过理论模型与数学模拟来表征或反映事物现象间的相互关系;(2) 通过对信息输入与输出关系的动态分析,可以揭示环境质量的时空变化规律,(3) 在一定条件下,可以根据环境组分的因果关系追踪污染源。本文以南京东北郊土壤环境为例,概括介绍环境质量系统分析的主要内容。

Abstract: A preliminary effort of the systems analysis for soil environmental quality atregional scale has been made on the basis of systems theory and its method.Thepurpose is to reveal the internal relations and interactions of the various factors(natural and artificial)affecting the enviromental quality,and the combined influenceof the factors on environmental quality.Human activities have a great influenceon material circulation,energy transformation and information transfer in theenvironmental systems.Sometimes,the influence of pollutant factors on environmentalquality may be reduced by the action of the purifying factors.The matrix equation for the relation of the environmental quality to its affecting factors is suggested:Z=AC;where Z is the matrix of measured value of the environmental qualityaffecting factors,A is the matrix of weight coefficient of synthetic index,andC is the matrix of scores of synthetic index.Based on the prepared program,the calculation has been accomplished with computer TQ-16.Synthetic analysis ofthe results obtained has been made with reference to the experimental discrimination.Accrding to data,the examined district may be divided into three types of uniformregional pattern:1.BHC pollution,2.lead pollution caused by geochemistryanomaly,and 3.mixed pollution(chrome,lead,BHC).