Abstract: In this paper, the authors firstly review relevant articles and works of Neo-economy, Land economy, Neo-Marxism schools and Institutional Analysis which developed the theory of provision structure of built environment.The authors utilize the theoretical framework to study the metropolis of China in order to find the relation between the transition of provision structure of built environment and the transformation landscape.Within analyzing the above relation, the authors show that the properties of landscape of Chinese metropolis under the impact of change of provision structure of built environment are composed by :(1) Special political-economic transformation; (2) the organizational process of sectors within metropolitan area and the land use organization method; (3) the impact of mediation on developing process or the Transformation of urban planning function.Moreover during different time of development, those above relations differentiate to each other.Particularly after the Reformation since 1978, the new provision structure of built environment contribute to the transformation of landscape through:(1) the increase of localization and increase of self-raised found; (2) the property of foreign Investment its impact on urban process; (3) the re-organizational method of land use and urban process; (4) the transformation of urban planning System as the response to the other dynamic factors.At last, the authors choose metropolitan Nanjing as an example to do some research.